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纠正一下题主的第二个 verbal 2 sc 75
D答案正确,但是“findings”+MODIFIER在这里不是独立主格结构,而是同位语appositives中的summative modifiers,可以参见manhattanPrep中Stacey的回答和GMATclub论坛:
https://gmatclub.com/forum/scientists-have-observed-large-concentrations-of-heavy-metal-deposits-83015.html]https://www.manhattanprep.com/gmat/forums/og-verbal-ed-11th-sc-q-79-t1560.htmlhttps://gmatclub.com/forum/scientists-have-observed-large-concentrations-of-heavy-metal-deposits-83015.html[/url]
找到两个很好的学习同位语、独立主格的大牛回答:
https://gmatclub.com/forum/noun-noun-modifiers-the-most-versatile-modifier-137292.html#p1112971
http://www.beatthegmat.com/absolute-phrase-veritas-t278196.html
大概总结几个关键点:
1-独立主格absolute phrase的构造为逗号+noun+modifier,起修饰作用,注意修饰的部分包括主句的主语+动作
比如:The stars are in motion,some of them at tremendous speeds.
some of them指向主句的主语stars,整个独立主格结构表示了how in motion,即修饰了主句的动作。
2-同位语appositive的特征构造为两个noun或者noun phrase肩并肩、用逗号隔开,起解释作用
比如:Alexander Pope began his translation of theIliad, a workthat took him seven years to complete.
3-同位语中有一种叫summative modifier,是noun2(必须是抽象名词)指代前面整个主句
比如:RON上课举过的例子,I went to the bar with Mr. Smith, an outing that was far more fun thanstaying at work.
an outing(抽象名词)在这里指向了前面整个主句。
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