请牛牛们和版主现身拍砖吧！OG verbal 88的一些自己的看法，觉得OG的解释有点问题。

DesmondWang

Clouds are formed from the evaporation of the oceans’ water that is warmed by the Sun and rises high into the atmosphere, condensing in tiny droplets on minute particles of dust. A.Clouds are formed from the evaporation of the oceans’ water that is warmed by the Sun and rises high into the atmosphere, condensing in tiny droplets on minute particles of dust.
B.Clouds form by the Sun’s warmth evaporating the water in the oceans, which rises high into the atmosphere, condensing in tiny droplets on minute particles of dust.
C.Warmed by the Sun, ocean water evaporates, rises high into the atmosphere, and condenses in tiny droplets on minute particles of dust to form clouds.
D.The water in the oceans evaporates, warmed by the Sun, rises high into the atmosphere, and condenses in tiny droplets on minute particles of dust, which forms clouds.
E.Ocean water, warmed by the Sun, evaporates and rises high into the atmosphere, which then condenses in tiny droplets on minute particles of dust to form as clouds.
这道题选C没问题，但这里我对OG对B的解释有点疑问：
“the antecedent for the relative pronoun which is ambigous, again suggesting that oceans rise high”
B.Clouds form by the Sun’s warmth evaporating the water in the oceans, which rises high into the atmosphere, condensing in tiny droplets on minute particles of dust.
但是仔细看了一下，which后面是rises，所以我觉得oceans应该不能做rises的发出者，而应该是water做发出者，in the oceans是define "water"的mission critical modifier. 这样的话我觉得which rises high into指的就是water，make sense.
另外看了很多帖子，说condensing的逻辑主语是clouds，我觉得不对啊，以前听Ron说过“，participle” modify the closest tensed verb. 也就是“S.V....that S.V....., -ing...”这里的-ing应该修饰that后面的成分，prep07的43题：
Although ice particles in the upper atmosphere benefit Earth in that they reflect and absorb solar radiation, acting as a global thermostat and thus keeping Earth from either burning up or freezing over, they also accelerate the destruction of the ozone layer by reacting with chlorofluorocarbons(CFC's).划线句就是正确答案。这里acting和keeping的逻辑主语都是they reflect and absorb...

所以回到原题，我觉得B的错误一个在于sun's warmth evaporating the water这个表述非常笨拙，第二个在于这里原文的意思是三个动作的连续，而不是从属关系，所以不能用condensing。但不清楚这么分析对不对，到底应该如何排除B呢？请各位NN们拍砖！不胜感谢！

所以回到原题，我觉得B的错误一个在于sun's warmth evaporating the water这个表述非常笨拙，第二个在于这里原文的意思是三个动作的连续，而不是从属关系，所以不能用condensing。但不清楚这么分析对不对，到底应该如何排除B呢？请各位NN们拍砖！不胜感谢！

典座

flhuihui1001 发表于 2013-10-25 16:03
A.Clouds are formed from the evaporation of the oceans’ water that is warmed by the Sun and rises ...

同意！               

我要喝可乐

flhuihui1001 发表于 2013-10-25 16:03
A.Clouds are formed from the evaporation of the oceans’ water that is warmed by the Sun and rises ...

才刚刚意识到A有逻辑错误，受教了！

rubychi

condensing 确实主语是ocean, 因为在这里后面的condensing in tiny droplets on minute particles of dust.是做状语，修饰整个句子:Clouds form by the Sun’s warmth evaporating the water in the oceans, which rises high into the atmosphere。对于Ving从句，首先考虑是否做状语从句修饰整个句子，当其时态与主句相悖时才考虑是做定语修饰紧跟着的名词。prep 08 188题上面的解释

rubychi

condensing 确实主语是ocean, 因为在这里后面的condensing in tiny droplets on minute particles of dust.是做状语，修饰整个句子:Clouds form by the Sun’s warmth evaporating the water in the oceans, which rises high into the atmosphere。对于Ving从句，首先考虑是否做状语从句修饰整个句子，当其时态与主句相悖时才考虑是做定语修饰紧跟着的名词。prep 08 188题上面的解释

Hendy

尽量避免夹心修饰

flhuihui1001

这道题B选项我也有疑惑，按照语法书上的来说，非限定性定语的which可以修饰前一句的 整个句子或某个部分，可以是名词，形容词神马的都可以，所以which可能指water也可能指oceans。
情况一：which可以指代water，water rises high. make sense.
情况二： wihch 也可以指代ocean, 如果指代ocean的话， 则rises应该改成rise，这样B选项就有错。

但并没有其他信息帮助我们判断which到底指代的是那一个东西，所以这样就会产生歧义。 所以The antecedent for which is ambigulous。至于楼主的推断思路则是，因为情况二行不通所以就断定应该按照情况一来理解，这样理解就等于你为了能够使之合乎语法规则，已经假设性地消除了歧义，就是说，你假定rises的用法是正确的，然后进行下一步推导，但是实际上rises本身属于划线部分，也可能有错的。

决定是否排除这个选项，并不是去寻找到一种能够理解的方式，而是你要确定这个选项只传达出一种意思，也就是说，表意要准确，不能有歧义。

至于你提出的“所以回到原题，我觉得B的错误一个在于sun's warmth evaporating the water这个表述非常笨拙，第二个在于这里原文的意思是三个动作的连续，而不是从属关系，所以不能用condensing。”

sun's warmth ecaporating the water并没有语法错误，也不wordy,也不重复，好像不能作为一个坚决地排除理由，B选项也没看出从属关系出来

flhuihui1001

DesmondWang 发表于 2012-11-29 15:53
谢谢，终于有人回复了，你说的三个连续动作我同意的。但是还是没搞清楚B选项里-ING的修饰对象。我还是要说p ...

A.Clouds are formed from the evaporation of the oceans’ water that is warmed by the Sun and rises high into the atmosphere, condensing in tiny droplets on minute particles of dust.

分析句子核心结构,clouds are formed from the evaporation，而红色部分of the ocean's water that is warmed by the Sun and rises high into the atmosphere都是修饰evaporation的。红色部分里面，that从句又都是修饰water的。 water is warmed...and rises.....，这样make sense。
A项的错点在于三个动作逻辑顺序不对。云形成于evaporation of oceans' water, 紧接着一个定语从句修饰water，什么样water呢？就是被太阳加热了还升到大气层中的water。A项意思是：云是由被太阳加热然后上升的大洋的水的蒸发形成的。 这样就传达出3个动作的先后顺序是：water被加热，上升，然后蒸发。 这个顺序是illogical， 实际顺序是：加热，蒸发，上升。

你对这句话的理解是对的，只是A项不是通过分析语法的条条款款来排除，而是理解这句话表达的逻辑意思来排除，即3个连续动作的顺序。

DesmondWang

DUKB NN：你说的是这句吧
In the past several years, astronomers have detected more than 80 massive planets, most of them at least as large as Jupiter, circling other stars.
但我觉得这句话里circling的逻辑主语主语还是most of them，之前的那个带从句的也是就近修饰从句里的主谓。。。会不会出现连续modifier的情况的话-ing就是就近修饰优先呢？因为之前看过OG里面，不喜欢夹心修饰，因为夹心修饰会使得-ing修饰它前面的modifier？
我是不是问得有点多了= =
先谢谢！

DesmondWang

那这道题目只能用句意来排除咯？就是原意是三个连续动作，但是B把它改成了adverbial modifier从而降低了这个动作的重要性？