prep 43 85

ladyMcc

43. Paleontologist Stephen Jay Gould has argued that many biological traits are not the products of natural selection, favored due to their enhancement of reproduction or survival, but that they are simply random by-products of other evolutionary developments.
A due to their enhancement of reproduction or survival, but that they are
B due to the reproduction or survival they enhance, but they are
C because they enhance reproduction or survival, but
D because they enhance reproduction or survival, but are
E because of enhancing reproduction or survival, but are

求问：D中they指代的是traits还是proudcts？  读题感觉应该是traits，但是代词出现两个指代对象的时候不是就近指代吗？
key

85.(29201-!-item-!-188;#058&003882) In 1945, after a career as First Lady in which she shattered expectations more audaciously than either Abigail Adams or Dolly Madison ever had been, Eleanor Roosevelt was appointed a delegate to the United Nations General Assembly by President Harry S Truman.
(A) more audaciously than eitherAbigail Adams or Dolly Madison ever had been , Eleanor Roosevelt was appointed a delegate to the United Nations General Assembly by President Harry S Truman
(B) more audaciously than either Abigail Adams or Dolly Madison, President Harry S Truman had Eleanor Roosevelt appointed to be a delegate to the United Nations General Assembly
(C) with an audacity never matched in the case of Abigail Adams or Dolly Madison, President Harry S Truman had Eleanor Roosevelt appointed as a delegate to the United Nations General Assembly
(D) with an audacity never matched by Abigail Adams or Dolly Madison, Eleanor Roosevelt was appointed a delegate to the United Nations General Assembly by President Harry S Truman
(E) with an audacity never matched either in the case of Abigail Adams or of Dolly Madison's, Eleanor Roosevelt was appointed to be a delegate to the United Nations General Assembly by President Harry S Truman
关于选项A的解释没有看明白~笔记上是这样写的“Abigail Adams or Dolly Madison ever had been结构中，had been省略结构无法还原，也就是说had been 无法承接she shatter 进行省略”
key: D


ps：又看了一遍解释，85明白啦。那43呢

ladyMcc

thks！

wulakuka

具体内容：

A "mission-critical" modifier falls between.
This modifier is often an Of phrase that defines the noun. The less important modifier refers to the noun plus the first modifier.
Right: He had a way OF DODGING OPPONENTS that impressed the scouts.
Here, the "mission-critical" modifier of dodging opponents defines the noun way. Without this modifier, the noun way is almost meaningless. In turn, the modifier that impressed the scouts modifies the entire noun phrase a way of dodging opponents. It helps that the relative pronoun that cannot refer to human opponents, according to the GMAT. Moreover, the reversed order is nonsensical:
Wrong: He had a way that impressed the scouts OF DODGING OPPONENTS.
（Do not move a noun modifier away from its noun unless you can classify the situation as one of these rare exceptions.）
Of course, try to sidestep the issue altogether by rephrasing the sentence.
Best: His way OF DODGING OPPONENTS impressed the scouts.
Other examples include parts of a whole.
Right: An ice sheet covers 80 percent OF THE SURFACEOF GREENLAND, an area roughly the size of Alaska.
The modifier an area roughly the size of Alaska modifies not the noun Greenland, but rather the whole phrase 80 percent of the surface of Greenland. The "mission-critical" modifier of the surface of Greenland is required next to 80 percent in order to define that percentage.

wulakuka

。。favored是修饰selection吧?they 指代 products

-- by 会员 ladyMcc (2012/8/13 8:48:53)

请参见manhattan里面关于mission-critical modifier的介绍，这里其实修饰的是products of selection这个整体

ladyMcc

。。favored是修饰selection吧?they 指代 products

wulakuka

that （many biological traits are not the products of natural selection, favored because they enhance reproduction or survival, but are ）
应该是就近修饰，favored作定语修饰products，还原的话即：
the products of natural selection are favored because they enhance....

ladyMcc

那 D中they指代的是traits还是proudcts呢？

wulakuka

due to只能做定语， 不能做状语。所以这里不能用。

玄冥太子

43为什么不选B啊

幸运E枪兵

同问43题