in virtually all types of tissue in every animal species, dioxin induces the production of enzymes that are the organism's attempt to metabolize, or render harmless, the chemical irritant.
欧买糕,还真在牛津高阶上查到or有这个含义了!:
牛津高阶中or[conj.]除了解释为“或者”,还有如下释义:
(introducing a word or phrase that explains, or means the same as, another 表示一词语对另一词语的解释关系或为其同义词语) 即, 亦即: an increase of 50p, or 10 shillings in old money 增加50便士, 合旧币10先令 * a kilo, or two pounds 一公斤, 亦即两磅 * geology, or the science of the earth's crust 地质学, 即研究地壳的科学
然后配合以前帖子里的一种解释:
这么一来,metabolize(the chemical irritant)跟render (the chemical irritant) harmless,其实并不是平行,而是同一件事只是换句话说而已,metabolize(the chemical irritant)就等同于render (the chemical irritant) harmless,作者认为读者可能对metabolize这个动作代表的意思难以理解,所以用另一个易懂的动作render harmless再作一次解释,有点像同位语的感觉,只不过这里用一个动词词组来解释另一个动词词组…而且既然是同位,就把两个动作放在一起然后render前后用两个逗号隔开。
所以可以说原句应该是:~metabolize the chemical irritant, or render the chemical irritant harmless.
然后把相同的(sth) the chemical irritant提出来放到最后面去就变成:
~metabolize, or render harmless, the chemical irritant.
我觉得插入语的说法有点钻牛角尖.........正常人看到or都会想到平行吧,逗号这种东西gmat不会把它放到比句意上的平行更重要的地位吧。
我觉得.......
attempt to metabolize (the chemical irritant) , or render (the chemical irritant) harmless
可能是为了更清楚的表达是这两者平行:metabolize the chemical irritant和render the chemical irritant harmless。如果没逗号的话是这样:attempt to metabolize or render harmless,the chemical irritant
可能表达成metabolize the chemical irritant harmless。有了逗号可以表明harmless只是归render所有的。我猜哦只是=-=
还有么这样的说法呢:
to metabolize, or (to) render harmless, the chemical irritant
有了to应该可以加逗号了吧。
句子翻译的话搜集了几种比较可信的说法:
●dioxin induces the production of enzymes 二恶英导致酶的产生
that后面是对enzymes 的修饰,
that are the organism's attempt to metabolize the chemical irritant.
有机体是为了代谢化学刺激物。
or render (the chemical irritant) harmless.
或者使化学刺激物无害。
补充完整后:二恶英导致酶的产生,酶是为了使有机体代谢化学刺激物或使化学刺激物无害。
●查了attempt有试图,企图的意思。所以我想由企图延伸理解为目的更好理解句子一点。
an act of trying to do something --试图,理解确实更严谨。
按照字面意思翻译:酶是有机体代谢化学刺激物或使化学刺激物无害的试图。
必须要变动一下使得句子更好理解又不改变原句含义: 酶是使有机体试图新陈代谢化学刺激物体或者使化学刺激物无害。
render harmless,the chemical irritant 动词+形容词,名词 为什么中间要加逗号?
in virtually all types of tissue in every animal species, dioxin induces the production of enzymes that are the organism's attempt to metabolize (the chemical irritant), or render harmless the chemical irritant. ……产生这种酶的过程是生物体在尝试代谢掉有害物质,或者尝试使有害物质变得无害。
render harmless,the chemical irritant 动词+形容词,名词 为什么中间要加逗号?
in virtually all types of tissue in every animal species, dioxin induces the production of enzymes that are the organism's attempt to metabolize (the chemical irritant), or render harmless the chemical irritant. ……产生这种酶的过程是生物体在尝试代谢掉有害物质,或者尝试使有害物质变得无害。
render harmless,the chemical irritant 动词+形容词,名词 为什么中间要加逗号?
in virtually all types of tissue in every animal species, dioxin induces the production of enzymes that are the organism's attempt to metabolize (the chemical irritant), or render harmless the chemical irritant. ……产生这种酶的过程是生物体在尝试代谢掉有害物质,或者尝试使有害物质变得无害。
in virtually all types of tissue in every animal species, dioxin induces the production of enzymes that are the organism's attempt to metabolize (the chemical irritant), or render harmless the chemical irritant. ……产生这种酶的过程是生物体在尝试代谢掉有害物质,或者尝试使有害物质变得无害。