OG12 118为什么同位语的描述方式比定从简洁

zhongshanlh

118. The World WildlifeFund has declared that global warming, a phenomenon most scientists agree tobe caused by human beings in burning fossil fuels, will create havoc amongmigratory birds by altering the environment in ways harmful to their habitats.

(A) a phenomenon most scientists agree tobe caused by human beings in burning fossil fuels,

(B) a phenomenon most scientists agree thatis caused by fossil fuels burned by human beings,

(C) a phenomenon thatmost scientists agree is caused by human beings’ burning of fossil fuels,

(D) which most scientists agree on as aphenomenon caused by human beings who burn fossil fuels,

(E) which most scientists agree to be a phenomenoncaused by fossil fuels burned by human beings,

对于D和E选项中OG分别解释说thephrasing is wordy and indirect.和thephrasing is wordy and the meaning is imprecise;

查看了所有这个题目的帖子，凡是问道D和E中which这个问题的时候，回答基本上都是这么一句话：使用a phenomenon同位语比使用which定语要简洁（或者更有甚者就是说D和E中用了which肯定不选。。。）

可是我还是木有想明白为啥用同位语就优于定从了呢、？？为啥啊

zhongshanlh

A:The World Wild life Fund has declared that global warming, a phenomenon that most scientists agree is caused by human beings’ burning of fossil fuels,...

B: The World WildlifeFund has declared that global warming, which most scientists agree is a phenomenon caused by human beings who burn fossil fuels,...

meaning上的区别一比就看出来了...

zhongshanlh

another two examples about this issue
http://www.manhattangmat.com/forums/potential-to-or-potential-for-very-tricky-t3550.html

haibaraaifly

是不是从这道题的human beings' burning of fossil fuels可以看出双重所有格也是允许的了？

zhongshanlh

一语道破核心！大谢baby姐姐！

这题我是从意思上理解的，"most scientists agree"，到底agree的是什么？
是phenomenon本身什么？不是。agree的是"be caused by ...."
所以你看：
B: "a phenomenon most scientists agree"，错误
D & E: global warming, which most scientists agree as a phenomenon ...
咱先不说细节上的语法搭配，就说我以上提取的D/E这层修饰逻辑，就是错的。global warming是a phenomenon毫无争议，关键是"be caused by"这层意思才是"most scientists agree"的焦点所在。

118. The World WildlifeFund has declared that global warming, a phenomenon most scientists agree tobe caused by human beings in burning fossil fuels, will create havoc amongmigratory birds by altering the environment in ways harmful to their habitats.

(A) a phenomenon most scientists agree tobe caused by human beings in burning fossil fuels,

(B) a phenomenon most scientists agree thatis caused by fossil fuels burned by human beings,

(C) a phenomenon thatmost scientists agree is caused by human beings’ burning of fossil fuels,

(D) which most scientists agree on as aphenomenon caused by human beings who burn fossil fuels,

(E) which most scientists agree to be a phenomenoncaused by fossil fuels burned by human beings,

对于D和E选项中OG分别解释说thephrasing is wordy and indirect.和thephrasing is wordy and the meaning is imprecise;

查看了所有这个题目的帖子，凡是问道D和E中which这个问题的时候，回答基本上都是这么一句话：使用a phenomenon同位语比使用which定语要简洁（或者更有甚者就是说D和E中用了which肯定不选。。。）

可是我还是木有想明白为啥用同位语就优于定从了呢、？？为啥啊

-- by 会员 zhongshanlh (2012/4/9 19:53:41)

-- by 会员 babybearmm (2012/4/10 5:23:33)

babybearmm

这题我是从意思上理解的，"most scientists agree"，到底agree的是什么？
是phenomenon本身什么？不是。agree的是"be caused by ...."
所以你看：
B: "a phenomenon most scientists agree"，错误
D & E: global warming, which most scientists agree as a phenomenon ...
咱先不说细节上的语法搭配，就说我以上提取的D/E这层修饰逻辑，就是错的。global warming是a phenomenon毫无争议，关键是"be caused by"这层意思才是"most scientists agree"的焦点所在。

118. The World WildlifeFund has declared that global warming, a phenomenon most scientists agree tobe caused by human beings in burning fossil fuels, will create havoc amongmigratory birds by altering the environment in ways harmful to their habitats.

(A) a phenomenon most scientists agree tobe caused by human beings in burning fossil fuels,

(B) a phenomenon most scientists agree thatis caused by fossil fuels burned by human beings,

(C) a phenomenon thatmost scientists agree is caused by human beings’ burning of fossil fuels,

(D) which most scientists agree on as aphenomenon caused by human beings who burn fossil fuels,

(E) which most scientists agree to be a phenomenoncaused by fossil fuels burned by human beings,

对于D和E选项中OG分别解释说thephrasing is wordy and indirect.和thephrasing is wordy and the meaning is imprecise;

查看了所有这个题目的帖子，凡是问道D和E中which这个问题的时候，回答基本上都是这么一句话：使用a phenomenon同位语比使用which定语要简洁（或者更有甚者就是说D和E中用了which肯定不选。。。）

可是我还是木有想明白为啥用同位语就优于定从了呢、？？为啥啊

-- by 会员 zhongshanlh (2012/4/9 19:53:41)

qychen

嗯，这个定从指代和同位语指代的成分不一样很受用！我再遇到题目的时候洗洗辨别一下

但是捏。。。不能一概而就，同位语都比which好，因为它们的区别还是很明显的，只是没在这道题中体现：which从句（以及其他定语从句）先行词指代的是 核心词，不包含其修饰语~~~
而同位语指代的是 整个 核心词以及其修饰语


所以要通过语意判断哪个合适~~

-- by 会员 qychen (2012/4/9 21:13:36)

-- by 会员 zhongshanlh (2012/4/9 21:20:29)

粘道题就是关于这个的：
More than 300 rivers drain intoSiberia's Lake Baikal, which holds 20 percent of the world's fresh water, morethan all the North American Great Lakes combined.

(A) More than 300 rivers drain intoSiberia's Lake Baikal, which holds 20 percent of the world's fresh water, morethan all the North American Great Lakes combined.
(B) With 20 percent of the world's freshwater, that is more than all the North American Great Lakes combined, Siberia'sLake Baikal has more than 300 rivers that drain into it.
(C) Siberia's Lake Baikal, with morethan 300 rivers draining into it, it holds more of the world's fresh water thanall that of the North American Great Lakes combined, 20 percent.
(D) While more than 300 rivers draininto it, Siberia's Lake Baikal holds 20 percent of the world's fresh water,which is more than all the North American Great Lakes combined.
(E) More than all the North AmericanGreat Lakes combined, Siberia's Lake Baikal, with more than 300 rivers draininginto it, holds 20 percent of the world's fresh water.


正确选项是A，more than属于形容词短语形式的同位语结构：修饰the 20 percent of the world‘s fresh water（这个结构water是核心词，多少百分比是修饰）；而D选项，which指代的是fresh water~~逻辑是不对的~~（虽然D也有其他错误）

zhongshanlh

嗯，这个定从指代和同位语指代的成分不一样很受用！我再遇到题目的时候洗洗辨别一下

但是捏。。。不能一概而就，同位语都比which好，因为它们的区别还是很明显的，只是没在这道题中体现：which从句（以及其他定语从句）先行词指代的是 核心词，不包含其修饰语~~~
而同位语指代的是 整个 核心词以及其修饰语


所以要通过语意判断哪个合适~~

-- by 会员 qychen (2012/4/9 21:13:36)

zhongshanlh

哈哈还是很感激饭饭啊

非限定性定语从句是解释说明，which+解释说明的内容（它是一个嘛嘛嘛的现象。。。）
而同位语本身具有解释说明前面名词的功能~~~就不用which啦~~which就多余啦~~~

-- by 会员 qychen (2012/4/9 21:10:54)

纳尼？？？？？？？？？？？又转换话题咯？？？？？？？？？？？？？
。。。。。。。。。。。。。则个点补丁太多就不上咯。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。
o(╯□╰)oo(╯□╰)oo(╯□╰)oo(╯□╰)oo(╯□╰)o啊~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

-- by 会员 泾渭不凡 (2012/4/9 21:12:30)

zhongshanlh

en,我细细品味一下
我感觉定从呢是从一个修饰的角度来描述前面这个事物，这里就是global warming啦
而同位语呢，本身自己a phenomenon就是定性了这个事物global warming然后并对事物的内容作出了解释和说明，因此从这个角度体会和品味（这个词用的有点恶...forgive me....)确实同位语要优于定语从句，相比定从也更加precise

非限定性定语从句是解释说明，which+解释说明的内容（它是一个嘛嘛嘛的现象。。。）
而同位语本身具有解释说明前面名词的功能~~~就不用which啦~~which就多余啦~~~

-- by 会员 qychen (2012/4/9 21:10:54)