OG12 5 ed分词问题

jofre

Diabetes, together with its serious complications, ranks as the nation’s third leading cause of death, surpassed only by heart disease and cancer.
(A) ranks as the nation’s third leading cause of death, surpassed only
(B) rank as the nation’s third leading cause of death, only surpassed
(C) has the rank of the nation’s third leading cause of death, only surpassed
(D) are the nation’s third leading causes of death, surpassed only
(E) have been ranked as the nation’s third leading causes of death, only surpassed

正确答案A

想请教下
1. surpassed分词短语在句中，充当定语修饰the nation’s third leading cause of death，还是作状语逻辑主语为Diabete？
2. 如果是作状语，是否违反了白勇语法中提到的原则“-ed分词短语在句尾，一般优先就近做定语，修饰最近名词”？
3. 若作状语，是否因为surpass前后名词必须是同类名词，the nation’s third leading cause of death不算做heart disease和cancer的同类名词，导致surpassed逻辑主语只能为Diabete，因此作状语？

非常感谢！

my8822180

从薄冰英语语法里看到，过去分词可以用作表语，用作定语，多表已经完成的动作，用作状语，表时间、原因、条件、让步、方式、伴随等，还可以用作宾补，主补等。不知道在gmat语法中对过去分词做状语有没有明显的偏好和要求。

jofre

那下面这个句子呢？是从白勇语法书里摘出来的某习题正确答案，我觉得读起来还满顺的：）

Delighted by the reported earnings for the first quarter of the fiscal year, the company manager decided to give her staff a raise.

vinbobo

应该可以的吧，分词在句首可以起状语作用，逻辑主语等于句子主语，楼上是否指-ed分词在句尾不能做状语？

-- by 会员 jofre (2011/11/12 22:17:23)

过去分词在哪里都不会做状语的

jofre

应该可以的吧，分词在句首可以起状语作用，逻辑主语等于句子主语，楼上是否指-ed分词在句尾不能做状语？

vinbobo

Diabetes, together with its serious complications, ranks as the nation’s third leading cause of death, surpassed only by heart disease and cancer.
(A) ranks as the nation’s third leading cause of death, surpassed only
(B) rank as the nation’s third leading cause of death, only surpassed
(C) has the rank of the nation’s third leading cause of death, only surpassed
(D) are the nation’s third leading causes of death, surpassed only
(E) have been ranked as the nation’s third leading causes of death, only surpassed

正确答案A

想请教下
1. surpassed分词短语在句中，充当定语修饰the nation’s third leading cause of death，还是作状语逻辑主语为Diabete？
2. 如果是作状语，是否违反了白勇语法中提到的原则“-ed分词短语在句尾，一般优先就近做定语，修饰最近名词”？
3. 若作状语，是否因为surpass前后名词必须是同类名词，the nation’s third leading cause of death不算做heart disease和cancer的同类名词，导致surpassed逻辑主语只能为Diabete，因此作状语？

非常感谢！

-- by 会员 jofre (2011/11/12 18:39:50)

过去分词米有做状语的功能

yeah529

个人认为是修饰Diabete的。就像你说的。如果修饰的是cause of death，和后面的heart disease and cancer就不能对应。所以只能跳跃修饰diabete。的确一般做题看到n.,ed形式的第一反应是看ed能不能修饰那个n.
如果可以则做定语，不能就往前找有没有可以跳跃修饰的。