呼唤版主和同学们帮忙看一个问题：OG128 完成时问题

deityc

Australian embryologists have found evidence that
suggests that the elephant is descended from an
aquatic animal, and its trunk originally evolving as a
kind of snorkel.
(A) that suggests that the elephant is descended
from an aquatic animal, and its trunk originally
evolving
(B) that has suggested the elephant descended from
an aquatic animal, its trunk originally evolving
(C) suggesting that the elephant had descended
from an aquatic animal with its trunk originally
evolved
(D) to suggest that the elephant had descended
from an aquatic animal and its trunk originally
evolved
(E) to suggest that the elephant is descended from
an aquatic animal and that its trunk originally
evolved

答案是E

OG对于B的解释：Th e evidence still suggests these things
about the evolution of the elephant and its
trunk, so the present-perfect verb tense is
inaccurate.

我疑惑的是，现在完成时应该有两个含义1）动作还在继续 2）动作的效果还在持续。

不管用哪个解释都可以说 Has suggest是对的啊。现在完成时并没有说现在这个动作已经不持续了的意思啊

再说了主句用的是 have found 按照OG的逻辑是 现在就不发现了么.......

deityc

LS 的很有参考意义 我想一下，翻翻例题 看能不能证明这个观点

vinbobo

Prep-232. (TTGWD4-Q1)
The Acoma and Hopi are probably the two oldest surviving Pueblo communities, both dating back at least a thousand years.
A.    both dating
B.    both of which have dated
C.    and each has dated
D.    and each one dating          
E.    each one of which date

语法笔记解释：
B.which指代Pueblo communities，定语从句不及同位语简洁；date的现在完成时有潜在含义说“以后都不是追溯到1000年以前了”，要用一般现在时或者分词形式，分词形式的潜在时态与主句一致。

难道这里不能解释说Have dated 表示 date的影响还在持续，还一直都可以回溯1000年

-- by 会员 deityc (2011/11/8 20:50:29)

我想不能，因为date作为这个意思是你在发生动作的当时去做的

此外，分享一段ron大神对完成时的及时

"present perfect = still going" is generallyrestricted to sentences in which the actual timeframe is given.
for instance:
i have had the flu --> by default, this means that i have had the fluat some time in the past (and that this is somehow relevant to thecurrent conversation).
i have had the flu for the last two weeks --> this is"still going".

deityc

Prep-232. (TTGWD4-Q1)
The Acoma and Hopi are probably the two oldest surviving Pueblo communities, both dating back at least a thousand years.
A.    both dating
B.    both of which have dated
C.    and each has dated
D.    and each one dating          
E.    each one of which date

语法笔记解释：
B.which指代Pueblo communities，定语从句不及同位语简洁；date的现在完成时有潜在含义说“以后都不是追溯到1000年以前了”，要用一般现在时或者分词形式，分词形式的潜在时态与主句一致。

难道这里不能解释说Have dated 表示 date的影响还在持续，还一直都可以回溯1000年

deityc

又看到了好几个例子 关于完成时的

感觉OG 有的时候说 have done 不对，因为完成时表示动作已经no longer做了

有的时候又说对，因为效果还在持续....

vinbobo

我觉得 suggest这个动作不能延续啊~  has suggested肯定表明动作刚开始发生在过去，那么就是过去suggest, 不能一直suggest至今。 照OG的说法，就是现在还在suggest， 那么我觉得用一般现在时好一点，表现在现在这个时间点 这些evidence suggests.

-- by 会员 xiaolulubai (2011/11/7 14:18:33)

我的看法与你不同，我认为suggest这个动作是可以延续到将来的，也即是过去，现在 ，将来都如此，因此用现在时比较好
如很多实验数据都这样表述

完成时是可以延续到现在的，但是不能表明将来的属性

待讨论，时态一直比较薄弱，哎

xiaolulubai

我觉得 suggest这个动作不能延续啊~  has suggested肯定表明动作刚开始发生在过去，那么就是过去suggest, 不能一直suggest至今。 照OG的说法，就是现在还在suggest， 那么我觉得用一般现在时好一点，表现在现在这个时间点 这些evidence suggests.

yingzijuyuan1

B有好几个问题， 时态确实不对来着

这里用一般时就够了，描述的是客观事实来着，完成时不要轻易用，用完成时一般是用来表述事件的发生对其他事件的影响，便于理解事件发生的顺序，这里用完成时没必要

deityc

恩  ls说的是 ，我也是看得出别的地方的问题，但是就是这句解释有问题

vinbobo

(B) that has suggested the elephant descended from
an aquatic animal, its trunk originally evolving

完成时仔细想想确实没有什么太好的反驳的理由
但后面宾语从句缺that，以及descended的时态是硬伤

its的指代也不明确，不像E通过句式平行可以找到指代elephant