现在分词在句尾的修饰问题，多谢！

rainbowmanutd · 发表于 2011-9-3 12:22:34

1.当过去分词在句末时，不管有无逗号，都是就近修饰名词;
2.现在分词在句末时，无逗号是就近修饰的名词的定语；
3.当现在分词在句尾且前有逗号时,修饰邻近句子的主语,做主语的伴随状语或做句子的伴随结果.因此不能用句尾现在分词修饰前面句尾的名词. 所以OG127说C选项:"thephrase having been assigned...is uncertain in reference,making the sentenceunclear."-->就是说这个现在分词本来是应该修饰前面的employee的,却变成了修饰主语governments了. (另外在GMAT里,havingbeen done的用法错误,应直接用done)

但是在188题的注释里又说：1) 现在分词在句尾用逗号隔开，必须要注意的一点是这个结构从来都没有失去过“做定语”的功能，只是优先做状语而已，即优先修饰到前面主句的主语和谓语。如下题如果前面主句的谓语是完成时态，那么既然已经完成了，drawing就无法再做其的伴随，所以只剩下做定语的功能。
例：OG12-21
Neuroscientists, having amassed a wealth ofknowledge over the past twenty years about the brain and its development frombirth to adulthood, are now drawing solid conclusions about how the humanbrain grows and how babies acquire language.
(A) Neuroscientists, having amassed a wealth of knowledge over the pasttwenty years about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood, are
(B) Neuroscientists, having amassed a wealth of knowledge about thebrain and its development from birth to adulthood over the past twenty years,and are
(C) Neuroscientists amassing a wealth of knowledge about the brain andits development from birth to adulthood over the past twenty years, and are
(D) Neuroscientists have amassed a wealth of knowledge over the pasttwenty years about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood,
(E) Neuroscientists have amassed, over the past twenty years, a wealthof knowledge about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood,
答案是A。 OG对D项的解释:The final descriptor in present tense,nowdrawing conclusions....does not fit the opening clause, which is in present-prefect tense(have amassed awealth)and seems to midify adulthood.

到底句尾的逗号＋现在分词可不可以做定语修饰前一个名词阿？

rainbowmanutd · 发表于 2012-4-8 01:09:02

谢谢楼上，我的问题是都逗号＋having...能不能做Neuroscientists的定语，因为08prep说了逗号＋现在分词不能修饰逗号前面的名词

wuhaoyang1206 · 发表于 2012-4-7 15:22:09

对于楼主的问题，我有一点体会。当doing放在句尾，加逗号做伴随状语的时候，doing的时态要和主句谓语的时态保持一致才可以。而在这道题中，drawing是现在进行时，而have assumed是完成时，时态不一致，所以不能做伴随，只能将drawing做谓语。我想这就是OG所说的does not fit的意思。OG12-26我感觉也是这个意思。

ttturtlett · 发表于 2012-4-6 21:00:45

句尾的逗号＋現在分詞可以做定語修飾前一個名詞，也可以及伴隨狀語修飾一整個句子。

你的問是應該是出在having 在當完成式助詞時會讓人搞不清楚是"現在完成 have" 還是 "過去完成had" 造成時態的岐義。

以上兩個題目的主句都是現在式，(一個現在進行式，一個現在簡單式)，因為現在式不可能和過去完成式在同一句子連用，所以這兩個having 一定都是have .

但如果having 發生在主句是過去式時，就不能選了，因為過去式可以跟過去完成式或是現在完成式連用，所以會造成岐義。

CharleneZL · 发表于 2012-4-6 20:24:11

现在分词作状语时不是总修饰句子的主语的吗？纠结什么呢？

2011finish · 发表于 2011-9-16 14:56:19

CD太强大了，感恩，苦苦困扰的问题早有前人指引

rainbowmanutd · 发表于 2011-9-5 09:34:47

顶下

helio5 · 发表于 2011-9-4 12:39:43

你的意思是如果主句谓语动词用的是完成时，那么只要用完成时的现在分词结构就可以来做伴随状语？

我还看到一种解释说因为for example的关系，这两个貌似分词完成时的短语实际上是动名词短语，也就说是名词性质的短语，如同前面一句话说完然后举例子for example A and B 一样。我目前有点倾向这种解释。
因为从逻辑上来看的话，"having been prescribed a drug ..."和"having been taken off drug too soon"如果理解成名词性质的短语，倒也都是“inadequate treatment”的一种具体形式。

唉，真是越看越晕啦。

rainbowmanutd · 发表于 2011-9-3 22:48:33

我这题更晕了，老PREP上的

154. (33193-!-item-!-188;#058&006626)

Some patients who donot respond to therapies for depression may simply have received inadequatetreatment, having, for example, beenprescribed a drug at a dosage too low to be effective or having been takenoff a drug too soon.

(A) having, for example, beenprescribed a drug at a dosage too low to be effective or having been

(B) having, for example, a drugprescription that was ineffective because the dosage was too low, or being

(C) as, for example, having too lowof a dosage of a prescribed drug for it to be effective, or being

(D) when they have, for example,been prescribed too low a drug dosage to be effective, or were

(E) for example, when they have adrug prescription with a dosage too low to be effective, or been

正确答案A

句尾having been prescribed的逻辑主语是主句的主语some patients，那应该是表示伴随动作的状语，

可是主句谓语又是may have received ，按道理又是主句谓语动词用完成时不能用现在分词作伴随状语？

-- by 会员 helio5 (2011/9/3 16:18:47)

可以的阿，og有个题是主句完成是，但是用现在时的现在分词做伴随，所以错的。这个主句是完成时，伴随也是完成时的现在分词，没什么错的

helio5 · 发表于 2011-9-3 16:18:47