OG12, SC 50

samwdong

According to some analysts, the gains in the stock market reflect growing confidence that the economy will avoid the recession that many had feared earlier in the year and instead come in for a “soft landing”, followed by a gradual increase in business activity.

A.    that the economy will avoid the recession that many had feared earlier in the year and instead come
B.    in the economy to avoid the recession, what many feared earlier in the year, rather to come
C.    in the economy’s ability to avoid the recession, something earlier in the year many had feared, and instead to come
D.    in the economy to avoid the recession many were fearing earlier in the year, and rather to come
E.    that the economy will avoid the recession that was feared earlier this year by many, with it instead coming


Correct Answer: A

我在A和D中间纠结，要搞清楚有几个问题：
1. 解释说"Earlier in the year" 应该用had feared, 为什么were fearing 不可以？
2. 解释说 "the recession must be followed by that", 但是定语从句中如果先行词在从句中做宾语照理是可以省略的。难道gmat中不可以？  
3. 还有一个是我一直困惑的问题，就是一般做题时如果BCDE选项中出现与A选项表达意思不同的，是否应该直接排除？比如这里原句是confidence that blah blah blah, 而D则写的是confidence in the economy. 是不是说，即使D没有语法错误，因为改变句意，也不能选？

多谢指教～～～

AresMa

你好
(1)had feared这个Past Perfect用法在这道题里确实比较tricky,当时我也想了半天。其实你可以根据meaning分析一下time line (从过去到现在）: 过去的过去(earlier in the year)：economy was bad>>people were worried>>过去(recently or later in the year)：stock market was good>>>将来：economy will have a soft landing
the past perfect is used for ENDURING ACTIONS/STATES that are STILL ONGOING at some LATER PAST TIMEFRAME.
所以people had feared既是一个enduring actions, 又是发生在stock market变好之前的一个动作。所以没问题。当然，people feared. 简单的过去式也对。但是were fearing 是不对的，因为从meaning 上是强调人们过去担心过，但是现在不担心了。而不是强调人们过去那一刻正在担心。for example: I worried about you before, but now I don't. 是对的。而I was worrying about you, but now I don't. 是不对的。

(2) 关于D中的that 的问题：首先原则是that加上一定不会错，但是不加一定要保证that要modify的对象是准确的。
而D中由于growing confidence in economy 后面接了个to avoid recession, 不定代词作修饰（虽然to avoid recession在意思上就是错的，因为在这里不能表目的）, 不加that, 容易让读者误解成为了modify economy.

化身孤岛的鲸

我觉得 to avoid 没有错吧？不定式作定语表示将来的动作不一定要表示目的吧。。。

HangJo

zoexixi 发表于 2011-12-17 01:49
我在想，是不是因为【earlier in the year】的位置问题无that，是想表达 to avoid the recession 【many we ...

同意！               

crystalzm

个人觉得D选项中的to avoid更加肯定，A选项的will do则比较符合analysis的语境，表可能。

赤尾屿

我觉得看OG的前面那段解释比较清晰。
它说：The original sentence successfully avoids the problems that may occur in long  sentence with multiple modifiers.Two subordinate clauses begin with that ,and one of them is contained within another.
所以，D选项的that要求一定要存在，不是因为定语从句that作宾语不能省略。而是要更清楚的表现结构，与之前的那个that对应。很清楚的表现一个that从句包含在另一个that从句里面的结构，省略了第二个that,这种很工整清晰的结构就无法呈现了。所以一定要补出来。

zoexixi

我在想，是不是因为【earlier in the year】的位置问题

无that，是想表达 to avoid the recession 【many were fearing】 earlier in the year
即earlier in the year修饰recession，又或者整个介词to avoid the recession

还是想说 avoid the recession 【many were fearing earlier in the year】
即修饰were fearing

加了that 就清楚了，不会存在修饰歧义了

ivytingyun

个人认为：n+that 引导的定语从句只有在n是具体名词的时候可以省略，抽象名词的时候不省略，这里的recession是抽象名词，所以that不能省。再比如：evidence也不能省。而11楼提到的the movie是具体名词，所以省略。。。仅供参考

Peggylulu

顶啊~~！！that是怎么一回事，求NN指教！

trackofheart

顶啊顶。。嘿嘿