Prep1 SC #202_关于as,than可以做比较从句的主语的问题

Thyrod

Providing initial evidence that airports are a larger source of pollution than they were once believed to be, environmentalists in Chicago report that the total amount of pollutant emitted annually by vehicles at O’Hare International Airport is twice as much as that which is being emitted annually by all motor vehicles in the Chicago metropolitan area.
A.as much as that which is being emitted annually by all
B.as much annually as is emitted by the
C.as much compared to what is annually emitted by all
D.that emitted annually by all(D)
E.that emitted annually compared to the

语法笔记里关于A错误的情况是这么描述的：

A．is being错误，且as可以做比较从句的主语，删去being后可以直接用as much as is emitted annually；但是即便如此amount X is twice as much as amount Y也不如直接twice amount Y简洁

前面在考点3里描述
3.as,than可以做比较从句的主语，例：
In one of the bloodiest battles of the Civil War, fought at Sharpsburg, Maryland, on September 17, 1862, four times as many Americans were killed as would later be killed on the beaches of Normandy
during D-Day.As指代了americans。

个人觉得这里有两个问题：
1）as可以做主语还是只是一个假象？
four times as many Americans were killed as (Americans) would be killed...，我认为在这个句子中，因为比较从句的主语和前面的主语一致，所以就省略了，并不是as做了比较从句的主语；
2）选项A的情况和考点中描述的情况是否一致？
选项A中的描述如果补全，the total amount of pollutant emitted is twice as much as is emitted annually，我觉得这个形式是完全错误的，并不是简洁不简洁的问题。因为as在这里引导的并不是从句，而是仅仅比较了两个amount，所以is emitted 是错误的，应该as much as that emitted...，这样才和前面的the total amount of pollutant emitted对称。

欢迎讨论。也希望版主指正。

yttuobao

清飞扬 发表于 2011-10-14 19:21
即便A后面用了that of which也是不对的。that指代the unemployment rate ，which不能指代Country X； ...

可以解释一下楼主的提问吗？就是关于语法笔记上写的：
个人觉得这里有两个问题：
1）as可以做主语还是只是一个假象？
four times as many Americans were killed as (Americans) would be killed...，我认为在这个句子中，因为比较从句的主语和前面的主语一致，所以就省略了，并不是as做了比较从句的主语；
2）选项A的情况和考点中描述的情况是否一致？
选项A中的描述如果补全，the total amount of pollutant emitted is twice as much as is emitted annually，我觉得这个形式是完全错误的，并不是简洁不简洁的问题。因为as在这里引导的并不是从句，而是仅仅比较了两个amount，所以is emitted 是错误的，应该as much as that emitted...，这样才和前面的the total amount of pollutant emitted对称。

wangjieava23

Providing initial evidence that airports are a larger source of pollution than they were once believed to be, environmentalists in Chicago report that the total amount of pollutant emitted annually by vehicles at O’Hare International Airport is twice as much as that which is being emitted annually by all motor vehicles in the Chicago metropolitan area.
A.as much as that which is being emitted annually by all
B.as much annually as is emitted by the
C.as much compared to what is annually emitted by all
D.that emitted annually by all(D)
E.that emitted annually compared to the

语法笔记里关于A错误的情况是这么描述的：

A．is being错误，且as可以做比较从句的主语，删去being后可以直接用as much as is emitted annually；但是即便如此amount X is twice as much as amount Y也不如直接twice amount Y简洁

前面在考点3里描述
3.as,than可以做比较从句的主语，例：
In one of the bloodiest battles of the Civil War, fought at Sharpsburg, Maryland, on September 17, 1862, four times as many Americans were killed as would later be killed on the beaches of Normandy
during D-Day.As指代了americans。

个人觉得这里有两个问题：
1）as可以做主语还是只是一个假象？
four times as many Americans were killed as (Americans) would be killed...，我认为在这个句子中，因为比较从句的主语和前面的主语一致，所以就省略了，并不是as做了比较从句的主语；
2）选项A的情况和考点中描述的情况是否一致？
选项A中的描述如果补全，the total amount of pollutant emitted is twice as much as is emitted annually，我觉得这个形式是完全错误的，并不是简洁不简洁的问题。因为as在这里引导的并不是从句，而是仅仅比较了两个amount，所以is emitted 是错误的，应该as much as that emitted...，这样才和前面的the total amount of pollutant emitted对称。

欢迎讨论。也希望版主指正。

-- by 会员 Thyrod (2011/7/2 11:05:13)

我也遇到了楼主一样的问题：

首先，关于as能不能做主语，我查到也只是来自这个D-day 题。但是这个题似乎不是GMAC出的，我觉得不是很规范。除了这个题外，是不是其他类似的题。

其次，关于 as ...as 的比较，第二as后面接的成分有： 1. clause; 2. 直接作为比较部分的名词性短语, 或介词短语。其实，很多时候，as....as, 或so...as 以及其他一些变型，在做比较的两个句子中，句子结构非常的类似。所以，第二个as后面往往都接名词性短语，或介词短语。

第三，语法笔记中“amount X is twice as much as amount Y也不如直接twice amount ”这个解释我很同意。

第四,  关于比较部分, 有时候出现的"that of"， 我觉得应该是可以出现的。 当然，这种说法是会别人challenge。 人家会说，1. 比较要平行；2. GMAC 明确在OG中说道，B of A, A 没有生命， C's D，C有生命。但是manhatten 中讲到这样的例子，比如下面两句话：

              Correction: A leopard's skill in catching a wildebeest is as impressive as a cheetah's.
                      OR       A leopard's skill in catching a wildebeest is as impressive as that of a cheetah.

徐立晨

Providing initial evidence that airports are a larger source of pollution than they were once believed to be, environmentalists in Chicago report that the total amount of pollutant emitted annually by vehicles at O’Hare International Airport is twice as much as that which is being emitted annually by all motor vehicles in the Chicago metropolitan area.
A.as much as that which is being emitted annually by all
B.as much annually as is emitted by the
C.as much compared to what is annually emitted by all
D.that emitted annually by all
E.that emitted annually compared to the
这道题上我也赞同welljunjun的说法  和他有相同的问题   貌似B选项也是平行的  求解答！！！

徐立晨

In one of thebloodiest battles of the Civil War, fought at Sharpsburg, Maryland, onSeptember 17, 1862, four times as many Americans were killed as would later be killed on the beachesof Normandy during D-Day.  As指代了americans。
这道题应该不是AS充当主语   as在比较结构中应该是介词吧   好像不能做指代成分  
我记得在新东方的黄皮书上看到过这道题   给出的解释是在比较句中than、as之后经常出现主语省略的情况  
但是他没有说是在什么情况下可以省略  我猜测应该是以两个比较对象相同  不引起歧义为原则吧
求牛牛帮忙解释   谢谢！！！

welljunjun

Providing initial evidence that airports are a larger source of pollution than they were once believed to be, environmentalists in Chicago report that the total amount of pollutant emitted annually by vehicles at O’Hare International Airport is twice as much as that which is being emitted annually by all motor vehicles in the Chicago metropolitan area.
A.as much as that which is being emitted annually by all
B.as much annually as is emitted by the
C.as much compared to what is annually emitted by all
D.that emitted annually by all
E.that emitted annually compared to the

我来说下我的想法：
A.错误因为that which 不能一起使用，which是非限制性定从，要使用必须是前面有逗号的。
twice的结构是：
twice N
twice as adj/adv as
twice 表示此数，可以单独出现，比如：说了几次，等等

此外twice后面是不能跟that结构的，除非2中情况：
1. that做代词，如：the unemployment rate of Country X is twice that of Country Y---我觉得这个是变相的twice +N的结构
2. that 不是修饰twice的，如：smith has already been advised twice that these actions are foolish

最后且不论这个is being的对错，这边的比较根本就不平行，不应该用is emitted。因为前半句是the total amount of pollutant emitted....后半句应该是sth emitted xxx，这么才是平行，如果要出现is的话，就应该是the total amount of pollutant is emitted xxx twice as much as is emitted才可以。可是现在的结构不平行对称

B.the total amount of pollutant emitted annually by vehicles at O’Hare International Airport is twice as much annually as is emitted by the motor vehicles in the Chicago metropolitan area-----这里依旧有A的is存在的问题

C.as much compared to what is annually emitted by all, 但凡比较就应该是as much as....不能是as much compared xxxx

D.the total amount of pollutant emitted annually by vehicles at O’Hare International Airport is twice
                                       that emitted annually by all motor vehicles in the Chicago metropolitan area
===>所以可以看出that指代the total amount of pollutant，这个结构相当的平行对称呢，在我看来

E. that emitted annually compared to the==>twice/compare to一起使用，错误

以上是我的分析，请版主和各位NN来拍我的思路

-- by 会员 清飞扬 (2011/10/14 17:15:47)

觉得飞扬的解释有点问题...
首先要承认as确实不能做比较结构主语...但我觉得as much as is emittedannually其实是对的，我举个曼哈顿上的例子： The money spent by her parents is more than it was expected to be.
这里的比较对象是the money spent by her parents, 所以than后用了it，个人认为it其实也可以省略...因为比较对象一致。那么，这句话是否平行呢？
回过头我们来看as much as is emitted annually，事实上，这句话在最后一个as后是一个倒装结构，本质上其实是：as much as emitted annually....is，其中，省略了the amount of pollutant,这句话是否和曼哈顿上的那句话有点神似呢？其实，这句话本质上是平行的对不？


另外，还想请教几个问题：（1）A中的is being是否必然错？（2）emmited 能否修饰amount 以make sense?

powerlgx

感谢飞扬的精彩总结！
我在看prep的时候也有同样的疑问，总觉得笔记中所描述的as和than可以做指代的说法很牵强。飞扬的解释一下就解决了这个疑问

Thyrod

as哪有指代（岂能即作代词，又作连词），不就是比较从句省略主语么......

关于LZ的问题，我也想要问问，因为As的比较结构中，真的可以当作主语吗? 因为像PP#202的笔记中
1.    as,than可以做比较从句的主语，例：
In one of thebloodiest battles of the Civil War, fought at Sharpsburg, Maryland, onSeptember 17, 1862, four times as many Americans were killed as would later be killed on the beachesof Normandy during D-Day.  As指代了americans。
但我怎么看都觉得不是指代主语，不知道我漏看了什么~~谢谢大家

-- by 会员 gingershien (2011/10/22 17:14:03)

gingershien

关于LZ的问题，我也想要问问，因为As的比较结构中，真的可以当作主语吗? 因为像PP#202的笔记中
1.    as,than可以做比较从句的主语，例：
In one of thebloodiest battles of the Civil War, fought at Sharpsburg, Maryland, onSeptember 17, 1862, four times as many Americans were killed as would later be killed on the beachesof Normandy during D-Day.  As指代了americans。
但我怎么看都觉得不是指代主语，不知道我漏看了什么~~谢谢大家

ykelly123

花哈哈，飞扬的教学贴。
看过顶一个