已解决-Verbal 分册 No. 64

mongmong

问一下如果答案是“that of loss rises” 是对的还是错的？还是一定要写出“the rate of loss rises”吗？

64. Ms. Chambers is among the forecasters who predict that the rate of addition to arable lands will drop while those of loss rise.
(A) those of loss rise
(B) it rises for loss
(C) those of losses rise
(0) the rate of loss rises
(E) there are rises for the rate of loss



Answer: D


The forecaster is making predictions about two different rates. 1he forecast changes in the rates can be compared using the construction the rate of x will drop while the rate ofy rises; x and y should be parallel.


A There is no referent for those.
B It refers to the rate ofaddition, creating a nonsensical statement.
C There is no referent for those. Of losses should be singular to parallel of addition.
D Correct. This sentence uses a construction that clearly states the predicted changes in the rates; the rates are expressed in parallel ways.
E There are rises for is wordy and unidiomatic.

mongmong

你是说 that of loss rises可用吧？

-- by 会员 mongmong (2011/8/10 16:43:36)

对~
sorry...前面那个回复木有说清楚。。自己说自己的去了...

-- by 会员 aeoluseros (2011/8/16 13:43:53)

谢谢！

aeoluseros

你是说 that of loss rises可用吧？

-- by 会员 mongmong (2011/8/10 16:43:36)

对~
sorry...前面那个回复木有说清楚。。自己说自己的去了...

mongmong

你是说 that of loss rises可用吧？

mongmong

呵呵知道都是mm一个人了。。

that/those这种指代是所谓的“核心指代”，只是指代前面出现的核心词，而不是像it/they全部指代（即指代包括修饰部分一起），所以that后面加自己的限定成分用以和前面的指代对象比较，这样的话，前面和后面的东西当然不一样了，也正是因为有差别才比较呢。不知这是不是lz的疑问所在。

-- by 会员 AlohaDJ (2011/8/8 22:23:21)

谢谢！！！！是的是的，这是我的疑问。


谢谢！

aeoluseros

用that代替the rate木有歧义，支持可用that…
--edited by aeo 8/10 8:50

AlohaDJ

呵呵知道都是mm一个人了。。

that/those这种指代是所谓的“核心指代”，只是指代前面出现的核心词，而不是像it/they全部指代（即指代包括修饰部分一起），所以that后面加自己的限定成分用以和前面的指代对象比较，这样的话，前面和后面的东西当然不一样了，也正是因为有差别才比较呢。不知这是不是lz的疑问所在。

mongmong

回13楼：是的。
回1楼：lz的疑问在于，第二个比较对象是否可以用that指代第一个单数比较对象，在比较结构中（如as..as.., more than, exceed, etc.）,可以的。但原句是while表示对比引导的从句，感觉重复原名词rate更好。个人感觉。

-- by 会员 AlohaDJ (2011/8/8 22:06:42)

13楼和1楼都是我哈~~谢谢回复~~


可是第一个比较对象和第二个比较对象不是一样东西哎，可以用that (which is the second civilization) refer to the first civilization?

AlohaDJ

回13楼：是的。
回1楼：lz的疑问在于，第二个比较对象是否可以用that指代第一个单数比较对象，在比较结构中（如as..as.., more than, exceed, etc.）,可以的。但原句是while表示对比引导的从句，感觉重复原名词rate更好。个人感觉。

mongmong

这题和OG 85的疑问是一样的：

85. Salt deposits and moisture threaten to destroy the Mohenjo-Daro excavation in Pakistan, the site of an  ancient civilization "that ?ourished at thesame time as the civilizations" in the Nile Delta and the river valleys of the Tigris and Euphrates.

(A) that ?urished at the sametime as the civilizations
(B) that had ?ourished at the sametime as had the civilizations
(C) that ?ourished at the sametime those had
(D) ?ourishing at thesame time as those did
(E) ?ourishing at thesame time as those were

对CDE的解释都提到 Plural pronoun "those" cannot refer to the singular "civilization" and thus lacks a referent. 那么倘若我们比较的是A 和B两个civilization, 而非现在的A和B, C, D......., 然后把those 改称that就可以吗？用that refer to 前一个civilization?