PERPQ243

evelyn205205

Sulfur dioxide, a major contributor to acid rain, is an especially serious pollutant because it diminishes the respiratory system's ability to deal with all other pollutants.



A. an especially serious pollutant because it diminishes the respiratory system's ability to deal

B. an especially serious pollutant because of diminishing the respiratory system's capability of dealing

C. an especially serious pollutant because it diminishes the capability of the respiratory system in dealing

D. a specially serious pollutant because it diminishes the capability of the respiratory system to deal

E. a specially serious pollutant because of diminishing the respiratory system's ability to deal

答案是A。
我的疑问是：A中的it，这个代词不会有指代不清的嫌疑么，在GMAT语法中不是尽量避免使用代词么？为什么E不可以？

evelyn205205

谢谢你的详尽解释~

huangyouhuifei

Sulfur dioxide, a major contributor to acid rain, is an especially serious pollutant because it diminishes the respiratory system's ability to deal with all other pollutants.



A. an especially serious pollutant because it diminishes the respiratory system's ability to deal

B. an especially serious pollutant because of diminishing the respiratory system's capability of dealing

C. an especially serious pollutant because it diminishes the capability of the respiratory system in dealing

D. a specially serious pollutant because it diminishes the capability of the respiratory system to deal

E. a specially serious pollutant because of diminishing the respiratory system's ability to deal

答案是A。
我的疑问是：A中的it，这个代词不会有指代不清的嫌疑么，在GMAT语法中不是尽量避免使用代词么？为什么E不可以？

-- by 会员 evelyn205205 (2011/5/14 22:13:56)

<1>关于A选项的代词
没有歧义。
先看句子结构：
Sulfur dioxide is xxxxxxxxxxxxx because it diminishes xxxxxxxxxxxxx.
主句是Sulfur dioxide is xxxxxxxxxxxxx，原因从句是it diminishes xxxxxxxxxxxxx，在主句和从句中Sulfur dioxide和it的角色是一样的，都是主语，所以不存在歧义。（即使非要说存在歧义，那gmat也是允许这种“歧义”的）
<2>关于E选项specially
specially-->专门地，特地，比如：I came here specially for you.
especially-->尤为怎么怎么样，尤其怎么怎么样，指程度上深，比如：I came here especially fast.
这个需要反复找例句来看，才能体会到差别。
<3>E中because of diminishing不如A中because it diminishes好。
首先gmat不太喜欢because of doing的结构（并非一见到就错）；
其次，because of diminishing the respiratory system's ability没有表达清楚到底是谁发出diminish这个动作的，而because it diminishes the respiratory system's ability就很清楚滴表明是it（即Sulfur dioxide）发出的diminish；
再次，A选项中的结构是“句子+because+句子”，because前后很完美的平行。
最后，because of  doing确实比“because+句子”更awkward、更wordy。比如：
(1) I am full because I ate a lot.
(2) I am full because of eating a lot.
虽然(1)(2)都没有歧义，但是(1)比(2)简洁。
但换了这个句子就有可能有歧义了：
(1)I am sweaty because someone took off the air condition.-->无歧义
(2)I am sweaty because of taking off the air condition.-->是我呢还是别人关的呢？

:-)