今天一早纠结了蛮久的一道关于with的题目，prep2－162 旧题新问

aimeedoudou

Such orb-weaving spiders like the argiope build webs in an essentially wheel-like structure, with an outer rim and a number of spokes emanating from the hub.

A. Such orb-weaving spiders like the argiope build webs in an essentially wheel-like structure

B. Such orb-weaving spiders as the argiope builds webs with what is essentially a wheel-like structure

C. The argiope spider, in the same way as other orb-weaving spiders, build webs in a structure that is essentially wheel-like

D. Orb-weaving spiders such as the argiope build webs that are essentially wheel-like

E. Like other orb-weaving spiders do, the argiope builds webs as essentially wheel-like


此题正确答案为：D
这个没有问题，但是当我看到prep笔记上对于A／D的解释时，我产生了疑惑：
笔记上说，A选项中with an outer rim短语修饰前面整个句子，逻辑主语是spiders，错误
               D选项中 with 型独立主格可以伴随情况，在此伴随that are essentially wheel－like 这样就是正确的。


我的疑惑是：原句中，with结构就是独立主格啊，而且我理解它的作用就是对前面句子的补充说明。不管A／D选项中其它部分怎么不一样，单看主语的话，两个选项中的主语都是spider啊，为什么在A中这个with结构被认为逻辑主语修饰错误，而D中变成伴随that从句啦呢，而且正确了呢？




此外，我还有两个例句，表示with做独立主语
OG113.   Visitors to the park have often looked up into the leafy canopy and seen monkeys sleeping on the branches, with arms and legs hanging like socks on a clothesline.






大全985  Those who have visited the Grand Canyon have typically been able to see layers of sediment in the gaping canyon,  with different colors marking the passage of time like the rings in a tree trunk.




这两个部分也是独立主格，不是所谓with介词短语，所以不会去考虑with部分和主语的逻辑关系啊？？是这样的么？？？？

aimeedoudou

谢啦谢啦，有些时候越仔细看越纠结。我上个阶段复习的时候还很明白with的用法呢，现在一仔细琢磨细节，就不行啦。
坐等NN啊～

clumsy123

帮顶哈~

aimeedoudou

这么好得问题 为什么没有人来回答类？？
我自己顶一下～
重新简化问题：为什么A选项里 with要考虑逻辑主语关系，而D选项里不但不考虑这个逻辑主语关系，反而认定是修饰web （that从句）呢？？

clumsy123

with an outer rim and a number of spokes emanating from the hub 根据逻辑意思，应该是修饰webs吧？如果是A，with的逻辑主语是spiders，那意思就不对了。

至于D中的with伴随that are essentially wheel－like，可能因为with是在that从句后面然后就近修饰webs？恩这个我也不太懂耶~~还望牛牛指教！