请教og12-41页40题

asap1234

40. In 1995 Richard Stallman, a well-known critic of the patent system, testified in Patent Office hearings that, to test the system, a colleague of his had managed to win a patent for one of Kirchhoff’s laws, an observation about electric current first made in 1845 and now included in virtually every textbook of elementary physics.

(A) laws, an observation about electric current first made in 1845 and
(B) laws, which was an observation about electric current first made in 1845 and it is
(C) laws, namely, it was an observation about electric current first made in 1845 and
(D) laws, an observation about electric current first made in 1845, it is
(E) laws that was an observation about electric current, first made in 1845, and is
答案是A。但A为什么and 后面be 动词可以省略，主语是人，不应该被动形态be included吗？
谢谢

kenmeng

“an observation about electric current first made in 1845 and now included in virtually every textbook of elementary physics” 这个部分不是一个单独的句子，要不然就run on了，这是一个独立主格，形式是n.+分词。所以“made”和“ included”都是修饰“ an observation”的

asap1234

多谢 明白了

chenwei55143

XX laws, included in the textbook

"included" is used for the law