讨论贴：面对新的语法点，面对模棱两可，你会怎么办？

aeoluseros

常有童鞋发帖讨论正确率上不去怎么办，确实可以以“多做题，多看几遍OG,prep”而一言蔽之。可在做出这样的回答时，我自己也深感到没有回答到本质，正确率上不去原因很多，有的童鞋并非没有建立自己的思路，而是载在了心态、新的语法点等等之上。

在没有native speaker那般强大语感的后台支撑之下，不论我们如何细致周到地复习，总会遇到不懂的词，未曾谋面的语法点，使我们在练习的时候正确率上不去，更甚的是往往在考试的时候使得"运气不佳"的同胞们几月心血功亏一篑。

所以就此立贴邀大家共同探讨，当遇到新的语法点，你会怎么办呢？当面对模棱两可时，如何选择层层筛选的步骤，判断出选项之间那些不同点，哪些是考点而哪些其实并不是考点呢？

欢迎大家踊跃参与，可以是成功经验，可以是自己复习一段时间后的领悟也可以借鉴他人意见，可以畅所欲言，发表任何关于SC复习的意见，可以不限于“遇到新的语法点”这两只老虎谈谈做语法题中实质遇到的问题，也可以举出例题，甚至期待本帖也可以成为"新奇"语法点的征集贴，让大家一起讨论领悟每一个语法点下面暗藏的逻辑实质。

同时，本帖也旨在解决SC正确率持续在65%-85%左右的童鞋们的突破困境。如果有好的观点，我将会在2楼总结指出。


自个儿先来：
Archaeologists in Ireland believe that a recently discovered chalice, which dates from the eighth century, was probably buried to keep from being stolen by invaders.
(A) to keep from
(B) to keep it from
(C) to avoid
(D) in order that it would avoid
(E) in order to keep from
比如这题，在没有强大语感支持下，往往会忽略aviod表达的是一种主动含义，如果选择了C，仿佛是再说chalice主动地去aviod being stolen；其次，如果选了A，那么keep的行使对象又不明确，所以应该加上it以指代chalice，B为正选。

再如：
Bob Wilber became Sidney Bechet’s student and protégé when he was nineteen and, for a few years in the 1940’s, came as close to being a carbon copy of the jazz virtuoso in performance as anyone has ever come.
(A) as anyone has ever come
(B) as anyone ever had been
(C) as anyone ever had done
(D) that anyone ever did
(E) that anyone ever came
首先virtuoso不认识，致使carbon copy of the jazz virtuoso无法理解，这是迫使我们回读、降低做题速度的拦路虎之一。其次，在选项中往往会迷惑于A为何没有与前面的过去时态保持一致用过去完成时，而是用了现在完成时，让人犹豫，一急反而不选A这个唯一与前面的came平行的选项了。实际上，只要思考一下并没有一定要使用过去完成时的理由，即可敲定，在此题时态不是问题。

aeoluseros

复习好久了但是坛子里的资料还有很多没有看。我就要被题海淹没了。
OG做了一遍，GWD24做了一半。错过的题再做还错，说明我压根就没看明白。
明天开始要过一遍prep语法笔记，分类，横向比较，一定要保证质量。

-- by 会员 ryuu217 (2010/11/24 21:28:49)

事实证明错过的题比没做过的题更容易犯错，因为答案会模棱两可……

ryuu217

复习好久了但是坛子里的资料还有很多没有看。我就要被题海淹没了。
OG做了一遍，GWD24做了一半。错过的题再做还错，说明我压根就没看明白。
明天开始要过一遍prep语法笔记，分类，横向比较，一定要保证质量。

aeoluseros

219. (GWD-12-Q20)
Approved April 24, 1800, the act of Congress that made provision for the removal of the government of the United States to the new federal city, Washington, D.C., also established the Library of Congress.
A. Approved April 24, 1800, the act of Congress that made provision for the removal of the government of the United States to the new federal city, Washington, D.C., also established
B. The act of Congress, which was approved April 24, 1800, making provision for the removal of the government of the United States to the new federal city, Washington, D.C., also established
C.The act of Congress approved April 24, 1800, which made provision for the removal of the government of the United States to the new federal city, Washington, D.C., and established
D.Approved April 24, 1800, making provision for the removal of the government of the United States to the new federal city, Washington, D.C., the act of Congress also established          
E.Approved April 24, 1800, the act of Congress made provision for the removal of the government of the United States to the new federal city, Washington, D.C., also establishing

呼呼楼主，为什么C不对。。。。。。。

-- by 会员 一眼万年 (2010/11/21 17:04:17)

C的前半个分句没有动词。
umm...其实这个题目，根据the act of Congress就可以直接选出A。

一眼万年

219. (GWD-12-Q20)
Approved April 24, 1800, the act of Congress that made provision for the removal of the government of the United States to the new federal city, Washington, D.C., also established the Library of Congress.
A. Approved April 24, 1800, the act of Congress that made provision for the removal of the government of the United States to the new federal city, Washington, D.C., also established
B. The act of Congress, which was approved April 24, 1800, making provision for the removal of the government of the United States to the new federal city, Washington, D.C., also established
C.The act of Congress approved April 24, 1800, which made provision for the removal of the government of the United States to the new federal city, Washington, D.C., and established
D.Approved April 24, 1800, making provision for the removal of the government of the United States to the new federal city, Washington, D.C., the act of Congress also established          
E.Approved April 24, 1800, the act of Congress made provision for the removal of the government of the United States to the new federal city, Washington, D.C., also establishing

呼呼楼主，为什么C不对。。。。。。。

aeoluseros

催眠……见过一次把人催成板凳的……一直觉得很神秘的东东，潜意识的东东太喜欢了~

对的，including是修饰remedies的，不是伴随的。笔记里面解释错了。

ryuu217

最近的感触就是尽量用硬伤排除选项，少用XDF的那些条条框框排除选项，剩下的交给句意和审美说点题外话，最近碰见一个同龄的美籍华人，擅长演讲和催眠。我刚知道原来催眠也是可以有证书的，感觉人和人的差距真大啊。
不羡慕别人了，LZ大人我从PREP2008 语法笔记里看到下面这个解释，感觉有点奇怪，Including似乎是修饰remedies 的啊，好像后面三个（establishing ，closing ，requiring ）都是remedies 的内容。

215. (GWD-3-Q3)A study by the OceanWildlife Campaign urged states to undertake a number of remedies to reverse adecline in the shark population, which includes the establishment of sizelimits for shark catches, closing state waters for shark fishing duringpupping season, and requiring commercial fishers to have federal shark permits.A.      whichincludes the establishment of size limits for shark catches, closing
B.      whichincludes establishing limits to the size of sharks that can be caught, closing
C.      whichinclude the establishment of size limits for shark catches, the closing of
D.      includingestablishing size limits for shark catches, closing             (D)
E.       includingthe establishing of limits to the size of sharks that are caught, the closingof
--------------------------------------------

D.     correct。Including表伴随功能，和urged同时发生，主语是A study。

         

aeoluseros

要是有啥感悟~记得发上来共享哦

ryuu217

[quote]

这里人气越来越旺了。
用下面这道题为例分析一下我非常拧巴的解题过程。
先把BCD很快排除，然后在AE之间犹豫
E，不熟悉的结构（没看出独立主格）
A，第一反应which后面没有谓语，错。不过which前后都有逗号，是没见过的结构吗动摇！
最后在两个看似都不熟悉的选项里，选择了比较眼熟的 A（白痴逻辑）

针对这道题，总结一下独立主格就行了。
我是想说面对新语法点，面对模棱两可，我可能会选择比较眼熟的，可能是潜意识觉得更安全些吧。但显然这样是非常不安全的。

GWD6-Q41:The greatest road systembuilt in the Americas priorto the arrival of Christopher Columbus was the Incan highway, which, over2,500 miles long and extending from northern Ecuadorthrough Peru to Southern Chile.
A.Columbus was the Incan highway,which, over 2,500 miles long and extending
B.Columbus was the Incan highway,over 2,500 miles in length, and extended
C.Columbus, the Incan highway,which was over 2,500 miles in length and extended
D.Columbus, the Incan highway,being over 2,500 miles in length, was extended
E.Columbus, the Incan highway wasover 2,500 miles long, extending

-- by 会员 ryuu217 (2010/11/4 16:05:42)

嗯……描述得很形象，一定要冷静比较。即便没有见过E这样的，但是A那样which的悬空一定错。

-- by 会员 aeoluseros (2010/11/5 0:16:29)

好久没来了，快插不上话了。我觉得对楼主这句最近感触很深。不要怕错，一定要敢于选自己不熟悉的选项！（就我目前的水平看着顺眼的一般都错，尤其是一下拿不准的题）

2.  没有根据不轻易排除选项，没有见过的表达不轻易排除，逗号较多也不轻易排除。

aeoluseros

lz 我想问一下  我在刘振民的书上看 only如果在划线的地方 那么在改错的时候就不要改变他的位置 这种说法对吗？ 在实战的时候遇到了就是这种情况 结果就选了没有改变的 心虚……

-- by 会员 qlyifan (2010/11/18 0:41:15)

不一定的，这个说法脱离了本质。
only是向后修饰的，所以改变它的位置会引起语义在本质上的变化。只要看它位置变了以后意思还合不合理就好。