大全118

龙莲心

The question of whether to divest themselves of stock in companies that do business in South Africa is particularly troublesome for the nation’s 116 private Black colleges because their economic bases are often more fragile than most predominantly White colleges.
(A) than
(B) than those of
(C) than is so of
(D) compared to（B）
(E) compared to those of
这个B不补出be动词是因为前面fragile是形容词而不是名词所以不会产生比较歧义吗？

龙莲心

同感吖，虽然说起来这两个容易，其实要完全吃透还是有很多细节会很纠结人的。幸亏坛子里还有像JTR这种又有耐心又大牛的语法高人诲人不倦，循循善诱~~

wangxiwei

非常感谢  比较和 省略  GMAT中的难点阿

龙莲心

jtr每个问题都解释的相当赞，完全可以明白您意思了。3Q

jtrchina

Scientists have seen stars exploding in numebers far greater than expected.
和 Scientists have seen stars exploding in far greater numebers than expected.
这两个句子哪个对阿?
这个比较的省略怎么还原的?
已经困惑我很久了

-- by 会员 wangxiwei (2010/8/23 20:25:49)

Q:这两个句子哪个对阿?
A:IMO,两句句子语法都成立，但更倾向于后者：Scientists have seen stars exploding in far greater numebers than expected.
因为前者可有修饰歧义：Scientists have seen stars exploding in numbers far greater than expected.
far greater是that/which be far greater的缩写，故可修饰numbers,亦可修饰stars，不如far greater numbers表述明确


Q:这个比较的省略怎么还原的?
A:than expected属于一种特殊的省略形式，称之为“习惯性省略”，类似固定搭配。
其他类似习语有：
习惯性省略：as needed; as planed; as required; as scheduled; whenever necessary/ needed/ possible; wherever necessary/ needed/ possible; than ever; than before; than ever before; than usual; than expected; than predicted; than estimated; than anticipated……

wangxiwei

Scientists have seen stars exploding in numebers far greater than expected.
和 Scientists have seen stars exploding in far greater numebers than expected.
这两个句子哪个对阿?
这个比较的省略怎么还原的?
已经困惑我很久了

jtrchina

大全641
614.    Salt deposits and moisture threaten to destroy the Mohenjo-Daro excavation in Pakistan, the site of an ancient civilization that flourished at the same time as the civilizations in the Nile delta and the river valleys of the Tigris and Euphrates.
(A) that flourished at the same time as the civilizations
(B) that had flourished at the same time as had the civilizations
(C) that flourished at the same time those had
(D) flourishing at the same time as those did
(E) flourishing at the same time as those were
（A）
为什么A后面的the civilizations不用补出动词did之类的？

-- by 会员 龙莲心 (2010/8/22 21:48:26)

Q:为什么A后面的the civilizations不用补出动词did之类的？
A:同上述理，句子结构拆分如下：
civilization that flourished at the same time as the civilizations
主(civilization)+谓(flourished)+at the same time as(the same……as时间状语)+名词(civilizaions)
由于与名词(civilizaions)相匹配的候选人只有主语，故即使不补出助动词亦无歧义

jtrchina

Q:这个B不补出be动词是因为前面fragile是形容词而不是名词所以不会产生比较歧义吗？
A:不会
语言简洁为美，在没有歧义的前提下，能省则省
提取比较部分：
their economic bases are often more fragile than those of most predominantly White colleges
解剖句子结构为：
主（their economic bases）+谓（are）+more fragile （形）than those of……（名词）
由于those是名词，向前查找只有主语their economic bases是名词可与之比较，故无论是否补出助动词皆无歧义，能省就省，简洁&环保。
反例：
I eat apple faster than u
句子结构：
主（I）+谓（eat）+宾（apple） faster （形） than u（名词）
此时u向前查找有两处名词可与之相比较（I & apple），故产生歧义：
1.与I比较时，句意为：我吃苹果比你吃苹果快
2.与apple比较时，句意则为：我吃苹果比吃你快
故此时必须补出助动词do明确界定比较对象：
I eat apple faster than u DO.

龙莲心

更正，上面的题号错了哈，应该是614

龙莲心

大全641
614.    Salt deposits and moisture threaten to destroy the Mohenjo-Daro excavation in Pakistan, the site of an ancient civilization that flourished at the same time as the civilizations in the Nile delta and the river valleys of the Tigris and Euphrates.
(A) that flourished at the same time as the civilizations
(B) that had flourished at the same time as had the civilizations
(C) that flourished at the same time those had
(D) flourishing at the same time as those did
(E) flourishing at the same time as those were
（A）
为什么A后面的the civilizations不用补出动词did之类的？