【有问必答】TPO阅读疑难杂症解答专帖

反衬

此贴目的是为了与大家交流TPO阅读题中的疑难杂症。如果大家在做题过程中遇到棘手的问题，可以帖在本帖当中，由大家一起研究。

提问格式：
题目出处：

题目原文：

题目选项：

题目答案：

疑问所在：

欢迎大家踊跃提问，集思广益。

smile舒米勒

TPO14 第一篇阅读 最后那个题
14.Directions: An introductory sentence for a brief summary of the passage is provided below.
Complete the summary by selecting the THREE answer that express the most important ideas in
the passage. Some sentences do not belong in the summary because they express ideas that not
presented in the passage or are minor ideas in the passage. This question is worth 2 points.  

Advertisements can be misleading to children when the advertisements use audio and visual
formats that are especially appealing to children.
●  
●  
●  
Answer Choices
○Children may not be able to interpret exaggerated claims made by advertisers or understand
the disclaimers used to offset claims.
○Although the use of celebrities is not necessarily effective in advertisements aimed at
children, there is evidence that host selling can positively affect their views of a product.
○Studies show that misleading tactics are used most often in commercials for breakfast
cereals, with toy commercials using such tactics only slightly less frequently.
○The use of fantasy is especially common in advertisements for children, but children may
not be able to distinguish fantasy from reality.
○Very young children are particularly influenced by host selling, while slightly older children
are more readily misled by seemingly rational claims such as 'the best."
○Advertisements can  be misleading to children when the advertisements use audio and
visual formats that are especially appealing to children.     

最后F选项不就是TS的改写么？为什么不能选啊。。。。

monkanna

题目出处：tpo 8

题目原文：Paragraph 2 Outflow channels are probably relics of catastrophic flooding on Mars long ago. They appear only in equatorial regions and generally do not form extensive interconnected networks. Instead, they are probably the paths taken by huge volumes of water draining from the southern highlands into the northern plains. The onrushing water arising from these flash floods likely also formed the odd teardrop-shaped “islands” (resembling the miniature versions seen in the wet sand of our beaches at low tide) that have been found on the plains close to the ends of the outflow channels. Judging from the width and depth of the channels, the flow rates must have been truly enormous―perhaps as much as a hundred times greater than the 105 tons per second carried by the great Amazon river. Flooding shaped the outflow channels approximately 3 billion years ago, about the same times as the northern volcanic plains formed.

题目选项：5. In paragraph 2, why does the author include the information that 105 tons of water flow through the Amazon river per second?
○To emphasize the great size of the volume of water that seems to have flowed through Mars’ outflow channels
○To indicate data used by scientists to estimate how long ago Mars’ outflow channels were formed
○To argue that flash floods on Mars may have been powerful enough to cause tear-shaped “islands” to form
○To argue that the force of flood waters on Mars was powerful enough to shape the northern volcanic plains


题目答案：4

疑问所在：我选的1，没看出来是在强调volume啊~ 明明是在说速度哇~

-- by 会员 ctomoyo (2010/8/22 16:28:48)

我最开始也是在A\D纠结，于是又返回去读,发现about the same times as the northern volcanic plains formed.觉得好像不能直接说flood waters shape the northern volcanic plains.所以觉得还是选A好了。

Jennywang2

TPO6-1(Powering the Industrial Revolution)

13.The Industrial Revolution would not have been possible without a new source of power that was efficient, movable，and continuously available．
●
●
●
Answer Choices
1. In the early eighteenth century, Savery and Newcomen discovered that expanding steam could be used to raise a piston in a cylinder.
2. Watt’s steam engine played a leading role in greatly increasing industrial production of all kinds.
3. Until the 1830s，Britain was the world’s major producer of steam engines.
4. In the mid-1700s JamesWatt transformed an inefficient steam pump into a fast，flexible，fuel-efficient engine.
5. In the 1 790s William Murdoch developed a new way of lighting houses and streets using coal gas.
6. The availability of steam engines was a major factor in the development of railroads，which solved a major transportation problem .

我想问的是
第二选项不就包含了第四选项?
为何答案还是2,4,6
小弟我当初因觉得2已包含4，所以就选了2,3,6

-- by 会员 tenli0711 (2010/9/19 17:56:37)

3是一个minor detail，所以不选。
第四和第二讲的是不同信息。 第四讲的是steam engine的完善，第二讲的是用途，分别对应不同段落。

-- by 会员 反衬 (2010/9/21 17:02:37)

可是B选项中的 of all kinds对应哪里呢？ 原文中没有找到all kinds的地方啊。。

SiliviaMoMo

TPO 4- 04题
Paragraph 2：The researchers Peter Ucko and Andree Rosenfeld identified three principal locations of paintings in the caves of western Europe: (1) in obviously inhabited rock shelters and cave entrances; (2) in galleries immediately off the inhabited areas of caves; and (3) in the inner reaches of caves, whose difficulty of access has been interpreted by some as a sign that magical-religious activities were performed there.
4．According to paragraph 2, what makes some researchers think that certain cave paintings were connected with magical-religious activities?
○The paintings were located where many people could easily see them, allowing groups of people to participate in the magical-religious activities.
○Upper Paleolithic people shared similar beliefs with contemporary peoples who use paintings of animals in their magical-religious rituals.
○Evidence of magical-religious activities has been found in galleries immediately off the inhabited areas of caves.
○The paintings were found in hard-to-reach places away from the inhabited parts of the cave.
答案选D ，我选c
D 没有回答原文想问的gap，原文说为什么壁画会和古代神秘的宗教活动联系起来，D 根本没有回答这个问题，我觉得C 也不是特别的恰当，但起码壁画和宗教活动都提到了啊，十分不解，求解答~

yigengzhuzi

TPO 10 - Chinese Pottery

Long and often lyrical descriptions （of the different types of ware） exist （that assist in classifying pots）, although these sometimes confuse an already large and complicated picture.

12. The word these in the passage refers to
○ religious ceremonies
○ descriptions
○ types of ware
○ pots

答案是B，请教此类指代题应该如何解答？

2）Ceramics have been produced in China for a very long time.
●
●
●
Answer choices
○ The Chinese produced earthenware, stoneware, and porcelain pottery and they used their ceramics for a variety of utilitarian, architectural, and ceremonial purposes.
○ The shape and decoration of ceramics produced for religious use in China were influenced by Chinese ceramics produced for export.
○ As a result of trade relations. Chinese ceramic production changed and Chinese influenced the ceramics production of other countries  
○ Chinese burial ceramics have the longest and most varied history of production and were frequently decorated with written texts that help scholars date them.
○ Before China had contact with the West, the meaning of various designs used to decorate Chinese ceramics was well understood.
○ Ceramics made in imperial factories were used in both religious and non-religious contexts

答案是1，3，5。。
请问为什么选5，而不选2？

谢谢

tenli0711

thanks

反衬

TPO6-1(Powering the Industrial Revolution)

13.The Industrial Revolution would not have been possible without a new source of power that was efficient, movable，and continuously available．
●
●
●
Answer Choices
1. In the early eighteenth century, Savery and Newcomen discovered that expanding steam could be used to raise a piston in a cylinder.
2. Watt’s steam engine played a leading role in greatly increasing industrial production of all kinds.
3. Until the 1830s，Britain was the world’s major producer of steam engines.
4. In the mid-1700s JamesWatt transformed an inefficient steam pump into a fast，flexible，fuel-efficient engine.
5. In the 1 790s William Murdoch developed a new way of lighting houses and streets using coal gas.
6. The availability of steam engines was a major factor in the development of railroads，which solved a major transportation problem .

我想问的是
第二选项不就包含了第四选项?
为何答案还是2,4,6
小弟我当初因觉得2已包含4，所以就选了2,3,6

-- by 会员 tenli0711 (2010/9/19 17:56:37)

3是一个minor detail，所以不选。
第四和第二讲的是不同信息。 第四讲的是steam engine的完善，第二讲的是用途，分别对应不同段落。

反衬

TPO6-1(Powering the Industrial Revolution)

Paragraph 3: █Watt's steam engine soon showed what it could do. █It liberated industry from dependence on running water．█The engine eliminated water in the mines by driving efficient pumps, which made possible deeper and deeper mining. █The ready availability of coal inspired William Murdoch during the 1790s to develop the first new form of nighttime illumination to be discovered in a millennium and a half.

12.Look at the four squares [█] that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage．
The factories did not have to go to the streams when power could come to the factories．
Where would the sentence best fit?

我想问的是The factories did not have to go to the streams when power could come to the factories．这句话时么意思??
为何不能选1?

-- by 会员 tenli0711 (2010/9/19 17:53:20)

首先你要读懂这句话的关键字  factories go to streams  ower come to factories。然后就去找什么和这些字眼有关的地方。明显只有两个地方出现water，water与 streams有关。再比这两个water，明显第一个water前面有个dependent，对应插入句那个didnot have to go to the streams，所以就选第三个咯。

第一个无法与插入句中的 go to streams产生联系。

tenli0711

thanks