这里过去完成时 用的合适吗

棒棒dudu

According tyo some analysts, the gains in the stock market reflect growing confidence that the economy will avoid the recession that many had feared earlier in the year and instead come in for a "soft landing" followed by a gradual increase in business activity.这个句子是正确选项 但是我不明白为什么要用 had feared 不是直接过去式就够了吗？

AMBER513

JordanTeng 发表于 2012-10-25 22:34
http://www.manhattangmat.com/forums/gains-in-stock-market-had-t10316.html曼哈顿对此题的解读note that ...

同意！               

JordanTeng

http://www.manhattangmat.com/forums/gains-in-stock-market-had-t10316.html
曼哈顿对此题的解读


note that the past perfect can be used, roughly speaking, in two different circumstances:
1) for past actions that were ongoing until, or relevant to, a later past action (this is what you're thinking about);
OR
2) for past actions that were ongoing until, or relevant to, a later past TIME MARKER.

for #2, the second time marker could be something explicitly mentioned in the sentence.
before the introduction of soft landing mats, high jumpers had been forced to use the western-roll style of jumping
--> note that there is no second verb, but "the introduction of soft landing mats" is a time marker.

however, if the context of the sentence clearly IMPLIES a second time marker, then that second time marker may not even have to be mentioned explicitly.
in this sentence, the second time marker is implied by the phrase "earlier in the year" -- i.e., these fears were ongoing until a certain point that is already in the past.

--

as a final note, make sure you know that the difficulty of learning verb tenses -- not just in english but in any language -- is going to be vastly higher than the difficulty of learning almost anything else in a language.
verb tenses tend to encode extremely subtle information, and, worse, their usages vary wildly from language to language -- it's rare to find any two languages that have tenses exactly equivalent to one another. (even in european languages that are closely related to english, different tenses are often used for the same situation than would be used in english.)

Gail小M

I guess  there may be some inplicittttt  logical flow of events, thus we have to figure our the line of events by ourselves.

plus the Past Perfect expresses the idea that something occurred before another action in the past. It can also show that something happened before a specific time in the past. - people feared that economy will slow down but stopped fearing after it recovered.

打酱油的....

swimswan

这个followed前面有个逗号
这里followed。。。。。。是补充说明的作用，而这里的ed是被动而不是一般过去式
所以想继续问LZ的问题，有没有 牛牛能解答啊？

葛佳

我是这样想的：
这道题我做过好像是OG上面的吧？
这道题考的是平行结构，还有其他选项比较是否平行
avoid。。。。 and instead come
其他选项都不满足这个。
具体意思的话 earlier in the year 后面有个followed
had feared  在这之前发生 所以用过去完成时态