og12 105

lindazyj

Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations, carefully
coordinating them with her narratives, capitalized on
her keen observation and love of the natural world.
(A) Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations, carefully
coordinating them with her narratives,
(B) In her book illustrations, carefully coordinating
them with her narratives, Beatrix Potter
(C) In her book illustrations, which she carefully
coordinated with her narratives, Beatrix Potter
(D) Carefully coordinated with her narratives, Beatrix
Potter, in her book illustrations
(E) Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations, carefully
coordinated them with her narratives and
为什么不选D呢，怎么看出来D是修饰illustration的呢

戈弋

关键是：coordinating的逻辑主语应当是BP
             coordinated的逻辑主语应当是book illustrations
正确的选项应当是逻辑主语和句中根据语法分析出的主语一致；
错误的选项都在于上述两个词中的一个逻辑主语和语法主语不符，具体deer321 讲得很清楚。

(A) Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations, carefully
coordinating them with her narratives,
---coordinating语法上指代illustration，逻辑上指代BP
。主语bp和谓语capitalized相隔太远
(B) In her book illustrations, carefully coordinating
them with her narratives, Beatrix Potter
--coordinating语法上指代illustration，逻辑上指代BP
(C) In her book illustrations, which she carefully
coordinated with her narratives, Beatrix Potter
(D) Carefully coordinated with her narratives, Beatrix
Potter, in her book illustrations
--coordinated逻辑上应该指代illustration,语法上指代bp
(E) Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations, carefully
coordinated them with her narratives and
--coordinated 和capitalized都是做谓语指代BP，但是coordinated逻辑上应该指代illustration

个人理解open to discuss

-- by 会员 deer321 (2010/12/10 11:24:39)

lalapiao

个人看到15楼NN的解释，很清楚很逻辑，佩服！
但是我个人有一个观点，不知道对不对，所以提出来共大家批判。。。
B选项中，“In her book illustrations, carefully coordinating them with her narratives, Beatrix Potter”
15楼的NN解释的是中间的ing修饰的逻辑主语是前面的book illustration，但是我有一个不同的观点是这里的这个B的结构犯的错误时superbat（印象中夹心这个说法是bat大神提出来的。。。。）前面总结出的一种“夹心错误”。
即“n， + -ing + ，n”的结构既可以把-ing当做修饰前面的n也可以当做修饰后面的n，进而产生了歧义，所以叫夹心错误。
我认为B应该是犯了这种错误。
当然OG的官方解释我也看到了，说的是ing修饰的是book illustration。但是从语法上这种夹心错误的ing修饰对象有没有优先修饰前面其次修饰后面这种顺序我自己确实不太清楚。
希望大家拍砖

-- by 会员 zhongshanlh (2012/2/27 11:04:02)

ls提出的夹心错误很有用，但是B的coordinating后面已有一个them，所以当然不能修饰them 所指代的“in her book illustrations”。个人观点，欢迎讨论。
我有一个问题：E与前四项相比确实不一致，但这不算错误吧？个人觉得E语义并没有错误的。求解释！！

zhongshanlh

个人看到15楼NN的解释，很清楚很逻辑，佩服！
但是我个人有一个观点，不知道对不对，所以提出来共大家批判。。。
B选项中，“In her book illustrations, carefully coordinating them with her narratives, Beatrix Potter”
15楼的NN解释的是中间的ing修饰的逻辑主语是前面的book illustration，但是我有一个不同的观点是这里的这个B的结构犯的错误时superbat（印象中夹心这个说法是bat大神提出来的。。。。）前面总结出的一种“夹心错误”。
即“n， + -ing + ，n”的结构既可以把-ing当做修饰前面的n也可以当做修饰后面的n，进而产生了歧义，所以叫夹心错误。
我认为B应该是犯了这种错误。
当然OG的官方解释我也看到了，说的是ing修饰的是book illustration。但是从语法上这种夹心错误的ing修饰对象有没有优先修饰前面其次修饰后面这种顺序我自己确实不太清楚。
希望大家拍砖

imagelan

我理解独立主格，顾名思义就是自带逻主的分词形式。所以D不可能是独立主格，因为D中，carefully coordinated with her narratives,是没有逻主的。
-ing/done, SVO. 这种形式的逻主只能是主句的主语。只是-ing表主动，-done表被动。而D中，如表被动就是错误的。

Aaronyin2

观察句意，分清主次。 这个句子 capitalized on her keen observation 才是主句，前面是修饰，（这是因为capitalized没划线，肯定是主句的verb）,所以前面的一堆肯定是修饰语， 排除E，

Jinnjenny23

今天翻到Ron关于Pronoun指代问题的解释（Ron在解释OG105时，提到这个问题），想到这道题：
Question: Are there any rules that state that a pronoun cannot reach inside to refer to a "modifier/prepositional/possessive?

Ron: The one place you generally shouldn't find the noun is inside a modifier that's blocked off by commas.

When a modifier is blocked off by commas, the purpose of the commas is to indicate, essentially, that the sentence should still make sense without that modifier (just with less description).
If the noun were within such a modifier, then removing the modifier would result in nonsense. Not good.

选项A,B,E中都存在them指代由comma隔开的non-essential modifier中的noun，如果把non-essential modifer拿掉，them没有了antecedent.

前面也有前辈提到这个点，今天翻出Ron的解释，更加信服。算是提供一个快速破题点吧。

yoga1992

我说一下自己对本题的理解，希望大家能给予指正。

此题语义是BP在book illustration中capitalized on her keen observation and love。。。, 同时BP将book illustration和她的narratives coordinated. 选项A中感觉present participle语法上指代illustration，逻辑上指代BP。因为participle前方没有clause，所以不存在指代整个clause并且修饰主语，我认为语法上participle在此就近指代。B当中present participle出现了一样的问题。逻辑主语和实际语法主语不一致。D选项直接让人觉得是BP把自己跟narratives coordinated了。E中其实是把coordinated 和 capitalized给并列了，让人觉得这两个action同时happens in her book illustration. 实际上只有capitalized这个action is in the book illustrations; BP是同时carefully coordinated the illustrations with the narratives. 所以E的语义是不正确的。

michwang

在网上看了下面这段解释
觉得非常的清晰！！


In this sentence, the big picture is Beatrix Potter capitalized on stuff. Where or how did she do this? In her illustrations, which she coordinated with her narratives. "Capitalized" and "coordinated" aren't really on the same level of meaning.


(A) Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations, carefully coordinating them with her narratives,

A present participle like "coordinating" after a comma should modify to a complete clause before it. Here, though, there is no complete clause. There is just the subject "Beatrix Potter" followed by a modifying preposition "in her..." This usage of "coordinating" is incorrect.


(B) In her book illustrations, carefully coordinating them with her narratives, Beatrix Potter

Once again, we have two modifiers stacked in a row, both of which seem to be modifying the subject. Also, when "them" is used in an opening modifier beginning with a present participle, it should refer to the SUBJECT that comes after it, not a noun in another modifier before it.


(C) In her book illustrations, which she carefully coordinated with her narratives, Beatrix Potter

Correct. The modifier "in her book illustrations" refers to the subject "Beatriz Potter," and "which she coordinated..." further modifies the illustrations.


(D) Carefully coordinated with her narratives, Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations

This implies that Beatrix Potter herself, not her illustrations, was coordinated with the narratives. Nonsensical.


(E) Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations, carefully coordinated them with her narratives and

We should be able to remove any nonessential prepositional phrase and still maintain the intended meaning of the sentence. Here, if we said "Beatrix Potter... carefully coordinated them..." we would have no idea what "them" is. A pronoun should not be used as an object if the antecedent is within a modifying phrase.

猪小王

从essential modifier vs. non-essential modifier的角度理解，这题很简单。

Nonessential modifier: if you remove it from the sentence, the core of the sentence stillmakes sense. 比如选项C, remove"which-modifier", 句子意思完整，清晰。

Essential modifier: it is necessary in order to understand the meaning of the sentence.

Beatrix Potter, M1, M2, capitalized on her keen observation and love of the natural world.  M1 & M2 are NONESSENTIAL MODIFIERS.

如果去掉M1, M2中的them指代什么？所以，A和B都是错误的，因为没有M1的话，句子意思受影响。

同理，去掉M1, E选项的them意思也不清楚，排除。

D的错误很明显，coordinated ...的逻辑主语应该是illustrations而不是Beatrix Potter.

只有C意思明确，即使没有"in her book illustrations“ 或没有"which she carefully coordinated with her narratives" (去掉任意一个), 句子意思都是完整的。

看下面的一道prep08题目：

ApprovedApril 24, 1800, the act of Congress that made provision for the removal of thegovernment of the United States to the new federal city, Washington, D .C .,also establishedthe Library of Congress.

A.Approved April 24, 1800, the act of Congress that made provision for theremoval of the government of the United States to the new federal city,Washington, D .C ., also established

B. The actof Congress, which was approved April 24, 1800, making provision for theremoval of the government of the United States to the new federal city,Washington, D .C ., also established

C. The actof Congress approved April 24, 1800, which made provision for the removal ofthe government of the United States to the new federal city, Washington, D .C., and established

D.Approved April 24, 1800, making provision for the removal of the government ofthe United States to the new federal city, Washington, D .C ., the act ofCongress also established

E. Approved April 24, 1800, the act of Congressmade provision for the removal of the government of the United States to thenew federal city, Washington, D .C ., also establishing

除了A中"that made provision for ...." 是essential modifier, 其它都是nonessential modifiers 或者是verb...

如果没有that made provision for ... 这个essential modifier，the act of Congress就成了Congress唯一的act了，显然逻辑上是错的，Congress每年有好多acts。

这题的正确答案就是A, 用别的方法思考会让问题变难，而用essential/nonessential modifier，答案就很明显了。

Zweistein

pye34878 发表于 2011-5-1 18:34
个人理解这部分应该是：BP coordinate book illustrations with her narratives (此句语法和agreement可能 ...

这个解释对我有帮助

KylinNie

16年我还在为这个题头疼。。。不过好像略略有点懂了。。梳理一下自己。。。一定要理解句子的意思。。
原句是想说：BP（在illustritions里coordinate balabala，）capitalize balabala，coordinate的发出者是BP这个人，这个行为是在那个illustration里；
主干信息是capitalize，因此capitalize和coordinate的关系并不是平行，这个是两个独立的非并列的关系。。。
（小的好像梳理通自己的思路了！）

花儿mm

我觉得楼上说的有道理，这道题根本找不出them的指代。

irisa听话

我觉得这题还有个很大的错误就是them并不能指代illustration啊 因为曼哈顿里有说过 代词只能指代中心词 这种藏在介短里的词不能直接用them指代吧 不知道有没有人注意到这个问题呢

hizxt

为什么coordinating不能做状语呢？