OG12 74 求助

lijundkj

A 1972 agreement between Canada and the United States reduced the amout of phosphates that municipalities had been allowed to dump into the Greak Lakes.

(A) reduced the amout of phosphates that municipalities had been allowed to dump

(B) reduced the phosphate amout  that municipalities had been dumping

(C) reduced the phosphate amout  municipalities have been allowed to dump

(D) reduced the amout of phosphates that municipalities are allowed to dump

(E) reduced the amout of phosphates allowed for dumping by municipalities

答案中说 phosphate amount 没有 amount of phosphate 好，为什么呢？我认为 municipalities原来被allow的应该是倾倒量的多少 感觉amount离allow越近越准确啊

另外时态为何要选现在时能 感觉 过去完成时更贴切 盼高人详解~~

先谢啦！~~~

liushangruc

个人感觉，还是要从allow上找突破口。
原本我以为这个allow是在1972之前就完成的，因为毕竟在这个agreement签署之前，政府是allow人们去dump的，所以应该是在1972之前完成的动作。这样理解就选择了had been allowed.
后来仔细想想，OG 上说得很自然，认为这个法案仍然是allow人们去dump的，这可以看做是一个真理或fact 存在，所以allow应该是一般现在时。
另外，reduce的是amount,而amount是指人们可以倾倒的M的amount。所以这个定语从句表示的是一种一直持续的事实或状态（即被允许倾倒）。这样就比较好理解了~

skayouyou

再补充一下过去完成时定义 ：（来自WikiAnswers）

Past Perfect Tense

Past perfect refers to some action that happened in the past and was completed (perfected) before another event in the past. e.g. I had only just put the washing out when it started to rain!

The past perfect in English is 'had + past participle': for example, 'I had done it' or 'she had slept'. It is mostly used to show which of two actions in the past happened first.

skayouyou

1。关于amount的位置：
share:
定语从句the amount of phosphates that municipalities are allowed to dump修饰的是phosphates，因为amount不能被倾倒。

所以不能是 phosphates amount that.........

2。关于allow的时态问题，我也十分纠结
逛了了半天，总结了一下大家给的解释：
a.政府做的事情通常是持续性的，一般用现在时态-----agreement, 即法律法规，等同于真理，所以用simple present tense.

b. 相关联的两件事，发生的顺序不同时，在过去的过去才可以用过去完成时。----即 这个about "the amount of phosphates that municipalities are allowed to dump"的  agreement的 只是reduced the amount, 并没有affect whether municipalities are allowed to dump phosphates, 所以reduced 和 allow没有关系，所以不影响allow的时态。allow的时态只和这个agreement 是否in effect有关。如果in effect , 就是are allowed;如果是no longer in effect,就是were allowed.而这道题没出现were allowed选项,所以就选are allowed.

不知道这么理解对不对？请CDer指教

lpdeng

co-ask: 时态为何要选现在时能 感觉 过去完成时更贴切

3x~~

lijundkj

哦~~ 谢谢啦~~看来要多总结下啊O(∩_∩)O~

cx_ding

按照新东方总结的规律，A of B介词结构 优于  B A结构
但我觉得只能作为有效性错误待定，因为在prep里面有例外。

AlienX

phosphate amount vs. amount of phosphate要多用英文的才會看出區別.  Another example: car key vs. key of car...沒人會用key of car...

這題的討論貼很多...LZ可以search一下 ;-)

lijundkj

没人答啊 自己顶吧