分词和形容词的平行问题求解！

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RON的课2012/01/05（SC）里有这样一道题:
Though now eaten in large quantities around the world and harmless, the tomato is a member of the generally toxic nightshade family, inclduing belladonna, and was once thought to be pousonous itself as a result.

A Though now eaten in large quantities around the world and harmless, the tomato is a member of the generally toxic nightshade family, inclduing belladonna, and was once thought to be pousonous itself as a result.

B The tomato, though now eaten in large quantities around the world and harmless, is a member of the generally toxic nightshaade family, which includes belladonna, and it was therefore once thought to be poisonous itself.

C once thought to be poisonous itself, the tomato is harmless and now eaten in large quantitis around the world, and is a member of the generally toxic nightshade family, including belladonna.

D Though now eaten in large quantities around the world and known to be harmless, the tomato was once considered poisonous because it is a member of the generally toxic nightshade family, which includes belladonna.

E A member of the generally toxic nightshade family, including belladonna, the tomato was once considered poisonous even though it is harmless and now eaten in large quantitis around the world.
OA：D

关于“eaten in large quantities around the world and harmless”, Tommy说the gmat doesn't like to parallel a really wordy modifier and a really concise modifier. 但是单从语法上说，past participle可以和adj平行吗？though eaten in large quantities/though harmless, the tomato is....都可以成立吗
tommy还提到这里comma+including是dangling modifier， 但ron说这个结构应该是紧修饰preceding noun. 这个结构对吗

sheanen

emmahiggins09 发表于 2017-3-8 19:29
首先我不是很同意在这句语境中 though eaten 和 后面的harmless 可以平行。虽然过去分词在语法中可以用来做 ...

贊同

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emmahiggins09 发表于 2017-3-8 19:31
楼主RON的帖子里对itself 说的很清楚，连接我放在我上面的帖子里了, 请楼主移步去查看 ...

是的 正在看这个帖子，itself应该是做强调用的

emmahiggins09

闭眼看书 发表于 2017-3-8 18:11
还有A B选项中的itself是不是多余结构？

楼主RON的帖子里对itself 说的很清楚，连接我放在我上面的帖子里了, 请楼主移步去查看

emmahiggins09

首先我不是很同意在这句语境中 though eaten 和 后面的harmless 可以平行。虽然过去分词在语法中可以用来做ADJ 但是在这句句子的意思中明显表达的是被动而不是ADJ，所以和后面的harmless 是在语义上就是不能够平行的。 从更加深层次的逻辑上来讲，一样东西到底有害没害是这样东西的nature, 不会随这时间的改变而有所改变，改变的只是人们对这样东西nature 的认知，所以这里D中用known to be harmless 是正确的逻辑选择。

comma including 是 comma Ving 中的一个特例，就像RON说的是修饰preceding noun 的。这里是不可以的。至于为什么RON在帖子里说的很清楚了，楼主请移步去查看 https://www.manhattanprep.com/gmat/forums/confusion-in-sc-question-bank-q-7-t3222-45.html

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还有A B选项中的itself是不是多余结构？

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sheanen 发表于 2017-3-8 13:14
個人認為就文法來說是可以用though 分詞+ adj, .......... (求高手討論)

谢谢解答！ 请问including指代of前面的Noun是一个规则吗，有没有能修饰of后面名词的例子？

sheanen

個人認為就文法來說是可以用though 分詞+ adj, .......... (求高手討論)


但就這題而言,如果用上面的用法,代表兩個時態一致, now eaten in large quantities around the world and harmless, 前面用現在式沒有問題,但第二個用現在式有含意是以前到現在一直都無害,明顯影響句意

至於 which includes 和 including 的差別,including是指代包含of前面的名詞, 比如A的including指代到a member of the generally toxic nightshade family,如果只有一個member 怎麼還用including呢, 答案的D which則可以指代 family 或 a member