求大神指导！og16的85题 实在困惑已久 求帮助

700700gao

起初是在og16的85题（题目在下面）遇到了问题 是关于appear的用法 所以去曼哈顿上找到了以下内容


正确的：Imperfections appear as tiny cracks(=show up as)
The apprears confused(seems)
The dinosaurs appear to have been relatively smart
It appears that the dinosaurs were smart

错误的：He appears as confused
The dinosaur appeared as smart
看完还是不能理解。。。尤其是appear to have been




顺便附上og16的原题区分不出appear as 和 appear to have been 求大神帮助 不知道和语义有没有关系

sgao003

LIKEAGOLDEN 发表于 2016-8-18 22:05
我觉得楼主不要把自己限制在习惯用法上，这里使用appear to have equipped 的原因是：
1， 根据句子中其他 ...

讲得好清楚！赞！

caro_1222

ztc199201290411 发表于 2016-8-17 23:41
楼主请看but后面的东西是indicates，所以这时候前后两个句子的时态应该是一致的，所以这里不用appeared而 ...

太谢谢啦！

LIKEAGOLDEN

我觉得楼主不要把自己限制在习惯用法上，这里使用appear to have equipped 的原因是：
1， 根据句子中其他的动词，如indicates，表明这句话是在表达现在的一些情况，所以使用一般现在时
2，至于为什么不适用appeared，是因为appeared表示过去发生的事情，表示已经完成了，现在不appear了，这样子逻辑意思是不对的。
3，have done 在这里表示动作的先后顺序，仅仅表示动作发生在appear之前。
4，至于为什么使用现在完成时，请看下面的解释：
to have done 是不定式的完成结构 表示这个动作发生在谓语动作之前 所以要用完成结构
He is said to have lost his car.比如这个句子的谓语动词的 is said 但是 lose his car 这一动作发生在谓语动词 said 之前 所以非谓语要用 完成式

ztc199201290411

caro_1222 发表于 2016-8-17 21:14
可是为什么不是appeared 呢？这不是过去发生的事情吗？

楼主请看but后面的东西是indicates，所以这时候前后两个句子的时态应该是一致的，所以这里不用appeared而用appear。还有就是这里其实描述的是一个事实，所以我们应该用一般现在时，如果你还不懂，我贴个ron的解释，希望能帮到你。
ron关于这题的解法：
you can actually eliminate your way down to the correct answer by using 2 idioms.

(1) "appear as ADJ" is unidiomatic; the correct version is "appear to be ADJ", or, if someone/something was ADJ in the past, "appear to have been ADJ".
that gets you down to (b) and (e).

(2) "equipped for VERBing" is unidiomatic; the correct version is "equipped to VERB".
that gets you to the correct answer

关于为什么是用appear而不是appeared

by default, "appear" is in the present tense, since we're talking about the way these things appear to present-day observers.

if there were a context that would place "appear" in the past, then you could use the past tense. for instance: to nineteenth-century observers, they appeared to have been equipped...

caro_1222

可是为什么不是appeared 呢？这不是过去发生的事情吗？

小飞象fff

equip to do 是对的，equip for doing 应该是习语错误
Neanderthals "disappeared"是发生在equip之后的，所以要用have been equipped

700700gao

没有人来吗

700700gao

答案是B

700700gao

Combining enormous physical strength with higher intelligence, the Neanderthals
appear as equipped for facing any obstacle the environment could put in their path,
but their relatively sudden disappearance during the Paleolithic era indicates that
an inability to adapt to some environmental change led to their extinction.
(A) appear as equipped for facing any obstacle the environment could put in
their path,
(B) appear to have been equipped to face any obstacle the environment
could put in their path,
(C) appear as equipped to face any obstacle the environment could put in
their paths,
(D) appeared as equipped to face any obstacle the environment could put in
their paths,
(E) appeared to have been equipped for facing any obstacle the environment
could put in their path,