To map Earth's interior, geologists use a network of seismometers to chart seismic waves that originate in the earth's crust and ricochet around its interior, most rapidly traveling through cold, dense regions and slower through hotter rocks.
86. To map Earth's interior, geologists use a network of seismometers to chart seismic waves that originate in the earth's crust and ricochet around its interior, most rapidly traveling through cold, dense regions and slower through hotter rocks.
(A) interior, most rapidly traveling through cold, dense regions and slower
(B) interior, which travel most rapidly through cold, dense regions, and more slowly
(C) interior, traveling most rapidly through cold, dense regions and more slowly
(D) interior and most rapidly travel through cold, dense regions, and slower
(E) interior and that travel most rapidly through cold, dense regions and slower
OG解释
This sentence explains in detail an activity of geologists (using seismometers to chart waves), focusing primarily on the object, seismic waves. A description of these waves is developed in a relative clause (that originate ... hotter rocks) that contains a compound verb phrase (originate ... ricochet . .). The action, ricochet, is further described in a participial phrase in which traveling ... is then further described in a comparison of travel speeds in cold and hot regions of Earth's crust.
C Correct. The modifiers are parallel and correctly positioned in relation to the verb.
Ron在不同时期，不同题目都对ing做modifier进行了解释和总结。
在这题中运用了其中两点：
1. ing modifier是就近修饰句子/动词，且主语或逻辑主语与修饰那个动词相同，所以这里就近修饰的是ricochet
2. ing modifier其中一个功能（总共有三个），是去解释前面的句子/动作。虽然也有人说这题是伴随，但通过意思，我更倾向于是further explain "ricochet"，因为ricochet（e.g bouncing) 本身就是travel的意思，所以后面的ing解释了waves是怎样“ricochet around its interior"
所以，C和E最大的区别在于：
1. 在C中，ricochet与traveling有逻辑关系
2. 在E中，由于用了that，相当于把ricochet和travel变成了独立的动作，即在作者的表达中，他们之间不再存在逻辑关系； 当然，其实从originate AND ricochet中的这个AND，已经可以得出这个定语从句不能再加更多独立动词，如果像E这样的用法，就变成了主语+动词1 AND 动词2 AND 动词3
'comma _ing' modifies the closest action.
here, that action is '...ricochet around [the earth's] interior.'
the subject of THAT action is 'seismic waves', and so 'comma + _ing' works perfectly in the usual way.
e.g., both of these sentences work in the same way:
A drunk driver drove his car into a storefront, causing several hundred thousand dollars' worth of damages.
A verdict is due today in the trial of a drunk driver who drove his car into a storefront, causing several hundred thousand dollars' worth of damages.
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发表于 2015-7-1 04:43:10
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