prep08 同位语结构在哪里

rubychi · 发表于 2015-1-4 18:51:00

Introduced by Italian merchants resident in London during the sixteenth century, in England
life insurance remained until the end of the seventeenth century a specialized contract between individual underwriters and their clients, typically being ship owners, overseas merchants, or professional moneylenders.

A.in England
life insurance remained until the end of the seventeenth century a specialized contract between individual underwriters and their clients, typically being
B.in England
life insurance had remained until the end of the seventeenth century a specialized contract between individual underwriters with their clients, who typically were
C.until the end of the seventeenth century life insurance in England
had remained a specialized contract between individual underwriters and their clients, typically
D.life insurance in England
remained until the end of the seventeenth century a specialized contract between individual underwriters and their clients, typically(D)
E.life insurance remained until the end of the seventeenth century in England

对于笔记中的解释，a contract 是做同位语的，好奇怪。另外： Typically 又是怎么解释呀，为啥being是多余的？
十分感谢！！！！！！！

rubychi · 发表于 2015-1-4 19:30:56

自己尝试解释一下，刚才搜到了enkyklios大神的帖子，链接贴上http://forum.chasedream.com/foru ... 9429&highlight=同位语。里面解释说：
1。当同位语从句较长而修饰的名词的谓语动词很短时，为了保证平衡，是可以将同位语后置的。
2.而且同位语修饰有限定性修饰和非限定性的，限制性同位语和它所说明的成分关系比较密切，不用逗号分开，语调上属同一意群。非限制性同位语则相反

综上：这道题可以理解是这个同位语确实是修饰life insurance的，但是由于谓语动词太短了remainded ，所以就放后面了，而且同位语跟被修饰的名词关系太密切了，就省略逗号啦，就变成了限定性修饰啦～不知道对不对，路过的大牛帮忙看看～

rubychi · 发表于 2015-1-4 19:33:52

转下enkyklios大神的帖子内容，方便大家，原帖http://forum.chasedream.com/foru ... 9429&highlight=同位语可以查看具体例子～
1.名词、形容词、副词、动词、介词词组、分句等都可以带有自己的同位语。
2.同位语可由名词、代词、-ing分词、动词不定式、形容词（或它们的短语），以及从句等构成。
同位语可分限制性同位语（restrictive）和非限制性同位语（nonrestrictive）。限制性同位语和它所说明的成分关系比较密切，不用逗号分开，语调上属同一意群。非限制性同位语则相反。
3.同位语可由逗号、破折号、冒号、连词or、本身无意义的of等引导；可由表示等同关系的 namely（或viz．），that is（或i．e．，ie）， that is to say，in other words， for short，to wit，等；表示举例或列举的for example，for in-stance（或e．g．，eg）such as，say，let us say，including等；表示突出某点的especially，particularly，chiefly，mostly，mainly等等引导。同位语也可紧跟在其说明的同位语成分之后，不带任何引导词。
4.同位语一般紧跟在其所说明的成分之后，但有时可以放在句子的前面（主语之前），尤其是主语为人称代词时，为平衡句子的节奏，则把同位语放置于此代词前。另外，thought，order，story等词带有同位语从同时，常和它所说明的成分分隔开来，这种情况一般在同位语从句是较长的一串词而句子的谓语动词很短时出现，目的是为了保持句子结构的平衡。

rubychi · 发表于 2015-1-4 19:37:40

曼哈顿关于概括性同位语的解释http://www.manhattangmat.com/forums/women-are-expected-to-be-the-majority-t1862.html

ukyo2003 · 发表于 2015-1-19 21:20:08

你倒是把题目下划线标完啊，最近看到好多帖子要么不标，要么标一点，看着真心累。回prep上给你找到这题。

172. (32542-!-item-!-188;#058&006577) !
Introduced by Italian merchants resident in London during the sixteenth century, in England life insurance remained until the end of the seventeenth century a specialized contract between individual underwriters and their clients, typically being ship owners, overseas merchants, or professional moneylenders.
A. in England life insurance remained until the end of the seventeenth century a specialized contract between individual underwriters and their clients, typically being (Introduced by, 要求后面主句以名词开头；typically being做状语错误修饰 remained a specialized contract)
B. in England life insurance had remained until the end of the seventeenth century a specialized contract between individual underwriters with their clients, who typically were (开头同A错误；过去完成时had done没有支持；between with错误用法)
C. until the end of the seventeenth century life insurance in England had remained a specialized contract between individual underwriters and their clients, typically (开头同A错误；过去完成时没有支持)
D. life insurance in England remained until the end of the seventeenth century a specialized contract between individual underwriters and their clients, typically (正确)
E. life insurance remained until the end of the seventeenth century in England a specialized contract between individual underwriters with their clients, who typically were (in English错误限定century；between with错误用法)

句子结构：Introduced by, life insurance remained a contract between underwriters and their clients, typically. 至于同位语的问题就在句子结构中看出，我学到的是在做句子结构的过程中，任何修饰，限定全是没用的东西，剔除肌肉，只留骨骼。

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