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不好意思这位童鞋,我刚看到你的留言。不知道能不能帮你,因为我的理解跟prep笔记的感觉不是一个体系...... 比如你引用那句话,说“逻辑主语”。说实话,我还真不知道with结构怎么可能会有“逻辑主语”。在我看来: whenever we mention "the subject", we are associating it with a verb (or verbs). 所以我能理解v-ing有“逻辑主语”,v-ed有“逻辑主语”,因为这些都属于verb form。但是with结构,典型的是"with + noun + noun modifier",根本不存在verb,怎么就会有“逻辑主语”呢....我是不能理解。 当然,我不是说prep笔记错了,也许prep笔记是另一个知识体系,只是我还理解不了,shrug~
"with"的问题,我觉得最简单的就是——多读。从CD上下载正确句子,搜索with,拿出来读。还有读什么WSJ, NYT, Economists什么或者科研文献、教科书,随便拿篇文章几乎都会有with. 同样建议翻开一本英文教材,搜索with. 真的,with用法在英语里太灵活了。so versatile!! 让我总结我总结不上来,不可能包罗全部。但是,读多了,你就知道从句意逻辑上,什么时候"with" makes sense,什么时候就不make sense. 知道这个,就足够了,话说GMAT考的不就是在具体句子中的实际应用么
关于with,参考以下两个links: http://www.beatthegmat.com/gmatprep-usage-of-with-t86149.html#456892 http://www.beatthegmat.com/comma-with-expert-please-explain-t85064.html#376889
下面用这个颜色就你的例题说我的看法吧,仅供参考
在prep08 155下面的补充说明里(英文)说,独立主格是修饰整个句子,而不是某个词语 而且with型的独立主格结构和主句是有紧密的逻辑关系的 第一个问题:那么with型的独立主格结构有逻辑主语吗?如何判定逻辑主语?是主句主语吗?然后是PREP笔记里面的知识点: 注意点:独立主格并不包括“with + n. + 定语从句”和“n. + 定语从句”的形式,这个形式做的是非限定性修饰前面名词的定语,因为这个形式就相当于n, with + n.,或者是n., n. + that概括性同位语。问题是从这道题目的解释开始的。。 191. (GWD-10-Q24)For the last five years the Dutch economy hasgrown faster than Britain,France, or Germany, withthe unemployment rate having remained well below that of the other threecountries. A. Britain, France,or Germany,with the unemployment rate having remainedB. havethose of Britain, France, or Germany, and the unemployment rateremainingC. have Britain,France, and Germany, andthe unemployment rate has remainedD. the economy of Britain,France, and Germany, withthe unemployment rate that has remained (E)E. theeconomies of Britain, France, and Germany, and the unemployment ratehas remained答案是E Aeoluseros NN对D的看法:首先D最大的错误仅进在于后面with引导的伴随状语的逻辑主语Dutcheconomy错误我的理解是此处的逻辑主语应该是Dutch而不是Dutch economy 这题我的理解是:"with" does not make logical sense; the economy and the unemployment rate are two different things, and thus we have to use parallel structure with "and".http://forum.chasedream.com/GMAT_SC/thread-696418-1-6.html #2 第二个问题:with+n+that这种非独立主格结构也需要有逻辑主语?也是主句主语?193. (T-3-Q2)
As the honeybee’s stinger is heavily barbed,staying where it is inserted, this results in the act of stinging causing the bee to sustain a fatal injury.A. As the honeybee’s stinger is heavily barbed, staying where it is inserted, thisresults in the act of stinging causingB. As the heavily barbed stinger of the honeybee stays where it is inserted, with theresult that the act of stinging causesC. Thehoneybee’s stinger, heavily barbed and staying where it is inserted, results inthe fact that the act of stinging causesD. The heavily barbed stinger of the honeybee stayswhere it is inserted, and results in the act of stinging causing E. Thehoneybee’s stinger is heavily barbed and stays where it is inserted, with theresult that the act of stinging causes答案是E,此处也是with+n+that的非独立主格结构 第三个问题来了,那么这里的逻辑主语是谁呢?难道是honeybee’s stinger吗?不是与上一题的解释矛盾了吗? As I write above, I don't know so-called "逻辑主语". So let me forget about it. In this sentence, "with" makes perfect sense:(In this clause I am describing a phenomenon), with the result that bla bla bla. C and D are incorrect for the same reason: the stinger itself cannot result in _____. Rather, the phenomenon described in the clause is with the result ... T-3-Q19. A Swiss government panel recommended that the countrysell about half of its gold reserves and this raised fears of othercountries that do the same and inundate the market. A. reserves and this raised fears of othercountries that B. reserves, which, as a result, raised fearsof other countries that C. reserves, as a result, they feared thatother countries would D. reserves, with fears raised that othercountries would E. reserves, raising fears thatother countries 此题答案选E,我选了D——是因为上一题留给我的印象使然。虽然我知道E选项里raising...可以做伴随状语表结果,但是我认为这里would是必要的,因为 other counties do the same and inundate the market是一种fear,是推测发生的事情不知道D选项错在哪儿了?难道又是因为逻辑主语??这题同样是逻辑哦,"with" does not make sense, whereas "comma + v-ing" makes perfect sense in conveying causal relationship. 你选的D,意思上就完全不对了。比如看看我刚才google到的这个"with fear"的句子,你来理解一下句意: HOSEPIPE BANS affecting 20 million households in southern and eastern England have come into force, with fears that restrictions may have to be toughened in coming months because of severe shortages. 如果你觉得不容易理解,我来造个句子吧 The Chinese government required Sina and Tencent to temporarily disable commenting functions on their microblogs, with fears that web users may spread political rumors following the sidelining of Bo Xilai. 相信你明白了,你选的D,恰恰是把cause-and-effect关系给搞反了!
这个with结构迷惑我好多天了。。。。望CDer热心解答!!!!! -- by 会员 plainn (2012/3/31 17:34:59)
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