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4. Before the Civil War, Harriet Tubman, along with other former slaves and white abolitionists, helped create what had become known as the Underground Railroad, and were responsible for leading hundreds, if not thousands, of slaves to freedom.
A. had become known as the Underground Railroad, and were
B. would become known as the Underground Railroad, and were
C. had become known as the Underground Railroad, and was
D. has been becoming known as the Underground Railroad, and was
E. would become known as the Underground Railroad, and was
选项解析：
The original sentence contains two flaws. First, "what hadbecome known as the Underground Railroad" is incorrectly in the pastperfect tense ("had become"). The past perfect is used to describe apast event that occurred before another past event. In this case, however, the"Underground Railroad" did not become known as such (or known asanything at all) until after it was created, and there is no past action thatoccurs afterward that would justify the use of the past perfect tense. Second,the subject of the sentence is "Harriet Tubman" only; phrases such as"along with," "accompanied by," and "aswell as" do not create plural subjects (only "and" allows forthe formation of a plural subject). Yet, the verb used in the original sentenceis "were," which suggests a plural subject. Instead, the correct verbform "was" is necessary in order to agree with the singular subject"Harriet Tubman."
(A) This choice is incorrect as it repeats the original sentence.
(B) This choice corrects the verb tense by replacing the pastperfect with the conditional "would become known" (used to expressthe future from the point of view of the past: "I said yesterday that Iwould go to the store today.") However, it does not correct thesubject-verb agreement problem (retaining "were").
(C) This choice does not correct the verb tense issue, retainingthe incorrect past perfect tense. It does correct the subject-verb agreement byreplacing "were" with "was."
(D) This choice uses the incorrect and awkward verb phrase"has been becoming," which incorrectly suggests that the labeling ofthe Underground Railroad continues to the present day. However, it does correctthe subject-verb agreement by replacing "were" with "was."
(E) CORRECT.This choice corrects the verb tense by replacing "hadbecome" with "would become." Moreover, it corrects thesubject-verb agreement issue by replacing "were" with"was."
题目点评：
本题涉及考点：主谓一致，时态
通过对比选项可以迅速发现两个考点，“主谓一致”明显比“时态”来得简单和明确，所以先从这个入手。HarrietTubman是一个人名，along with并不构成复数主语，类似的还有as well as，accompanied by（这个细节很少人关注到，大家想要详细了解，请参考manhattanSC 关于主谓一致的章节），所以谓语动词用单数，迅速排除了A,B。
剩下C,D,E三个选项，一个过去完成时，一个现在完成进行时，一个过去将来时。未划线部分helped是过去式，如果known as 用过去完成时，意思是这个组织先以UR著称，才成立，逻辑意思不对，排除C选项。
D选项中使用现在完成进行时也不对。OG 中对此时态的描述是“Present perfect progressive: Used withhave been or has been, this verb tense describes something that began in the past, continues into thepresent, and may continue into the future.”
最后剩下E选项。known as theUnderground Railroad 是用来说明“what”的修饰成分，使用过去将来时恰到好处的表达了“主人公HT建立了一个组织，正是在当下的将来以UundergroundRailroad知名的一个组织。” Use"would" to express future from the point of view of the past.
补充知识点：
Be known as 以……知名，作为……而闻名
Be known for 因为……而闻名
思维点评：
1. “我也犹豫E了..但是觉得是在create之前就知道这个的名字了吧?!”——rainzyx23
其实不用纠结于哪个在前，确实一样东西也有可能没有create就广为人知了，但是had become known用了过去完成时的含义是：create出来以后，突然大家都不知道那个东东叫Underground Railroad了。。另外一般的逻辑顺序应该是“先create，然后大家口耳相传以后，某个称呼就广为人知了起来…”（中间可能换过很多种称呼）。
2. “D has beenbecoming 时态混乱，首先不能用has，这个发生在过去，应该用过去时。Been becoming是被动。但是known as这个词组就是主动表被动,再用被动时态就是awkward.”——纳丁Cat
这个理解不正确噢，首先并不是所有发生在过去的动作都不能用完成时。
“Present perfect: Used with has or have, the present perfecttense describes an action that occurredat an indefinite time in the past or that began in the past and continues intothe present.”
Been becoming也并不是被动语态，而是“has been becoming”构成了一个现在完成进行时。
3. “一般时态在没有明显提示或错误的时候，遵循原句的时态，选C。而且句子前面提示了Before the Civil War，所以用过去完成时较好。”——RingXiao
问题在于这道题中原句的时态表达的逻辑意思是不合理的。Before the Civil War是针对主干中HT helped create这个动作所限定的时间，而不是针对known as。整个句子的主干意思是：在南北内战之前，HT 帮助成立了一个组织并且带领了许多奴隶进行解放斗争。
做题小tips：
遇到考察时态的题目，理清句子中出现的所有动作的先后顺序是最为保险的做法，而且应该通过逻辑意思去判断，而不是默认原句的顺序。
本次精华楼层：
4楼——若雪
11楼——helio5
12楼——DoGMATRight
14楼——MichaelxLee |
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发表于 2011-9-5 09:28:19
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发表于 2011-9-5 09:40:08
