og12-21两处有问题，求讨论（已解答）

qiuhua01234567 · 发表于 2012-3-1 20:42:22

Neuroscientists, having amassed a wealth of knowledge over the past twenty years about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood, are now drawing solid conclusions about how the human brain grows and how babies acquire language.
(A) Neuroscientists, having amassed a wealth of
knowledge over the past twenty years about
the brain and its development from birth to
adulthood, are
(B) Neuroscientists, having amassed a wealth of
knowledge about the brain and its development
from birth to adulthood over the past twenty
years, and are
(C) Neuroscientists amassing a wealth of knowledge
about the brain and its development from birth
to adulthood over the past twenty years, and are
(D) Neuroscientists have amassed a wealth of
knowledge over the past twenty years about the
brain and its development from birth to adulthood,
(E) Neuroscientists have amassed, over the past
twenty years, a wealth of knowledge about the
brain and its development from birth to
adulthood,
答案清楚有2问
question1：看D选项解释，The final descriptor in present tense, now drawing conclusions … does not fit the opening clause, which is in present-perfect tense ( have amassed a wealth …) and seems to modify adulthood .
ing的形式就三种：（1）主谓宾情况，表示伴随，此时要和谓语时态同时发生，那么now drawing conclusions … does not fit the opening clause是可以理解的（2）OG又说了seems to modify adulthood ，这个只有主系表情况把？主系表在哪呢？（3）要是主谓宾可以表示结果吧？这里为什么不可以说drawing是表示结果的呢？
question2:
having done，无比纠结的东西，求救啊。我查了好多帖子。having done不是用于后置定语是错的么？这里为什么呢？

qiuhua01234567 · 发表于 2012-3-1 21:19:08

qiuhua01234567 · 发表于 2012-3-1 21:36:09

Suri在奋斗 · 发表于 2012-3-1 22:44:17

首先是这样的manhattan上的原话，就是分词做状语的时候表示的时态和主句时态一致
Present participles get their tense from the main verb in the sentence.
Past:I SAW a man CLEANING the steps. (cleaning takes place in the past)

Present:I SEEa man CLEANING the steps. (cleaning takes place in the present)

Future: I WILL SEE a man CLEANING the steps .. (cleaning takes place in the future)

但是楼主要注意，在drawing前面跟了个now，就明确的表明是现在时或者是现在进行时
而修饰的主句中的谓语 have amassed这个动作段是发生在over the past twenty years和后面的drawing 前面的Now显然不是一个时间段

看这个manhattan上的例子
Thus, if you want the cleaning to take place at a different time from the seeing, then use the
relative clause, not the present participle.
Wrong:I SEEthe man CLEANING the steps yesterday.

Right: I SEEthe man WHO CLEANED the steps yesterday

而og上说的可能有修饰adulthood的歧义是因为，前面已经提到既然不在一个时间段
svo,doing
这个结构
A.分词优先做状语（伴随状语，结果状语）
B.其次做定语修饰O，但没有定语从句清晰会有修饰歧义

现在分词在句尾用逗号隔开，必须要注意的一点是这个结构从来都没有失去过“做定语”的功能，只是优先做状语而已，即优先修饰到前面主句的主语和谓语。如果前面主句的谓语是完成时态，那么既然已经完成了，drawing就无法再做其的伴随，所以只剩下做定语的功能(语法笔记)

而楼主认为是结果状语，首先就让句子的重心发生改变了，原句是说科学家，having···,are drawing重点在后面
而d,e讲句子的主干即谓语宾语变成状语来修饰，就让逻辑意思发生了重大变化
prep08里面强调过，如果A句的逻辑意思没有问题，正确选项的逻辑意思应该和A一致
例外的就是og26题，A的逻辑意思不对，所以正确选项c才变换了

having done是说不能做限制性后置定语即 N+having done是错误的
但做非限制性后置定语 N+comma+having done是可以的
在这里having是修饰科学家的

open to discuss~~~

qiuhua01234567 · 发表于 2012-3-2 14:00:02

首先是这样的manhattan上的原话，就是分词做状语的时候表示的时态和主句时态一致
Present participles get their tense from the main verb in the sentence.
Past:I SAW a man CLEANING the steps. (cleaning takes place in the past)

Present:I SEEa man CLEANING the steps. (cleaning takes place in the present)

Future: I WILL SEE a man CLEANING the steps .. (cleaning takes place in the future)

但是楼主要注意，在drawing前面跟了个now，就明确的表明是现在时或者是现在进行时
而修饰的主句中的谓语 have amassed这个动作段是发生在over the past twenty years和后面的drawing 前面的Now显然不是一个时间段

看这个manhattan上的例子
Thus, if you want the cleaning to take place at a different time from the seeing, then use the
relative clause, not the present participle.
Wrong:I SEEthe man CLEANING the steps yesterday.

Right: I SEEthe man WHO CLEANED the steps yesterday

而og上说的可能有修饰adulthood的歧义是因为，前面已经提到既然不在一个时间段
svo,doing
这个结构
A.分词优先做状语（伴随状语，结果状语）
B.其次做定语修饰O，但没有定语从句清晰会有修饰歧义

现在分词在句尾用逗号隔开，必须要注意的一点是这个结构从来都没有失去过“做定语”的功能，只是优先做状语而已，即优先修饰到前面主句的主语和谓语。如果前面主句的谓语是完成时态，那么既然已经完成了，drawing就无法再做其的伴随，所以只剩下做定语的功能(语法笔记)

而楼主认为是结果状语，首先就让句子的重心发生改变了，原句是说科学家，having···,are drawing重点在后面
而d,e讲句子的主干即谓语宾语变成状语来修饰，就让逻辑意思发生了重大变化
prep08里面强调过，如果A句的逻辑意思没有问题，正确选项的逻辑意思应该和A一致
例外的就是og26题，A的逻辑意思不对，所以正确选项c才变换了

having done是说不能做限制性后置定语即 N+having done是错误的
但做非限制性后置定语 N+comma+having done是可以的
在这里having是修饰科学家的

open to discuss~~~

-- by 会员 Suri在奋斗 (2012/3/1 22:44:17)

赞，受教了。。你几号考来着？

yuexiahaitang · 发表于 2012-3-2 16:37:03

首先是这样的manhattan上的原话，就是分词做状语的时候表示的时态和主句时态一致
Present participles get their tense from the main verb in the sentence.
Past:I SAW a man CLEANING the steps. (cleaning takes place in the past)

Present:I SEEa man CLEANING the steps. (cleaning takes place in the present)

Future: I WILL SEE a man CLEANING the steps .. (cleaning takes place in the future)

但是楼主要注意，在drawing前面跟了个now，就明确的表明是现在时或者是现在进行时
而修饰的主句中的谓语 have amassed这个动作段是发生在over the past twenty years和后面的drawing 前面的Now显然不是一个时间段

看这个manhattan上的例子
Thus, if you want the cleaning to take place at a different time from the seeing, then use the
relative clause, not the present participle.
Wrong:I SEEthe man CLEANING the steps yesterday.

Right: I SEEthe man WHO CLEANED the steps yesterday

而og上说的可能有修饰adulthood的歧义是因为，前面已经提到既然不在一个时间段
svo,doing
这个结构
A.分词优先做状语（伴随状语，结果状语）
B.其次做定语修饰O，但没有定语从句清晰会有修饰歧义

现在分词在句尾用逗号隔开，必须要注意的一点是这个结构从来都没有失去过“做定语”的功能，只是优先做状语而已，即优先修饰到前面主句的主语和谓语。如果前面主句的谓语是完成时态，那么既然已经完成了，drawing就无法再做其的伴随，所以只剩下做定语的功能(语法笔记)

而楼主认为是结果状语，首先就让句子的重心发生改变了，原句是说科学家，having···,are drawing重点在后面
而d,e讲句子的主干即谓语宾语变成状语来修饰，就让逻辑意思发生了重大变化
prep08里面强调过，如果A句的逻辑意思没有问题，正确选项的逻辑意思应该和A一致
例外的就是og26题，A的逻辑意思不对，所以正确选项c才变换了

having done是说不能做限制性后置定语即 N+having done是错误的
但做非限制性后置定语 N+comma+having done是可以的
在这里having是修饰科学家的

open to discuss~~~

-- by 会员 Suri在奋斗 (2012/3/1 22:44:17)

受益匪浅啊。。解决了我一直困惑的几个问题。谢谢了。。

qianqain · 发表于 2012-3-21 11:34:19

你好！看了你的说明这道题确实懂一些了~但是og12-23题c正确选项就不懂类。。。。
按照你说的“首先是这样的manhattan上的原话，就是分词做状语的时候表示的时态和主句时态一致”，once was designed...变成分词once designed，不就和主句时态不一致了吗？不明白啊~还是说这里过去分词是可以不一致的？
求解答，谢谢！
23. In a previous design, the weight of the discus used in
track competition is concentrated in a metal center-
but now it is lined with lead around the perimeter,
thereby improving stability in flight and resulting in
longer throws.
c.Once designed with its weight concentrated in a
metal center, the discus used in track
competition is now

c.Once designed with its weight concentrated in a
metal center, the discus used in track
competition is now

小卡车 · 发表于 2012-4-16 10:40:11

首先是这样的manhattan上的原话，就是分词做状语的时候表示的时态和主句时态一致
Present participles get their tense from the main verb in the sentence.
Past:I SAW a man CLEANING the steps. (cleaning takes place in the past)

Present:I SEEa man CLEANING the steps. (cleaning takes place in the present)

Future: I WILL SEE a man CLEANING the steps .. (cleaning takes place in the future)

但是楼主要注意，在drawing前面跟了个now，就明确的表明是现在时或者是现在进行时
而修饰的主句中的谓语 have amassed这个动作段是发生在over the past twenty years和后面的drawing 前面的Now显然不是一个时间段

看这个manhattan上的例子
Thus, if you want the cleaning to take place at a different time from the seeing, then use the
relative clause, not the present participle.
Wrong:I SEEthe man CLEANING the steps yesterday.

Right: I SEEthe man WHO CLEANED the steps yesterday

而og上说的可能有修饰adulthood的歧义是因为，前面已经提到既然不在一个时间段
svo,doing
这个结构
A.分词优先做状语（伴随状语，结果状语）
B.其次做定语修饰O，但没有定语从句清晰会有修饰歧义

现在分词在句尾用逗号隔开，必须要注意的一点是这个结构从来都没有失去过“做定语”的功能，只是优先做状语而已，即优先修饰到前面主句的主语和谓语。如果前面主句的谓语是完成时态，那么既然已经完成了，drawing就无法再做其的伴随，所以只剩下做定语的功能(语法笔记)

而楼主认为是结果状语，首先就让句子的重心发生改变了，原句是说科学家，having···,are drawing重点在后面
而d,e讲句子的主干即谓语宾语变成状语来修饰，就让逻辑意思发生了重大变化
prep08里面强调过，如果A句的逻辑意思没有问题，正确选项的逻辑意思应该和A一致
例外的就是og26题，A的逻辑意思不对，所以正确选项c才变换了

having done是说不能做限制性后置定语即 N+having done是错误的
但做非限制性后置定语 N+comma+having done是可以的
在这里having是修饰科学家的

open to discuss~~~

-- by 会员 Suri在奋斗 (2012/3/1 22:44:17)

真心佩服，觉得你思路好清晰啊！羡慕！

nami123 · 发表于 2013-4-22 17:10:09

搭车同问：请教OG-D解释，这个时态错误怎么理解？请NN版主解答！
D The final descriptor in present tense, now drawing conclusions ... does not fit the opening clause, which is in present-perfect tense (have amassed a wealth ...) and seems to modify adulthood.
是不是挖坟了 ... 虽然用Logical predication也能排除DE，但是OG的解释怎么理解呢？~求教！

og12-21两处有问题，求讨论（已解答）

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