tpo 24 阅读笔记【临窗听雨】

临窗听雨 · 发表于 2012-9-6 11:30:39

architecture 建筑学
art and science 艺术和科学
enclose 圈起，围住
enclose space
for practical and symbolic purpose 出于实用或象征的目的
Because architecture grows out of human needs and aspirations, it clearly communicates cutural values.因为建筑源于人类的需求和愿望，同样也可以清楚地传达文化价值。

three-dimensional form 三维立体形式
utilize 利用
texture 纹理
achieve a working harmony with 实现与。。的和谐
instinctive 本能的
shelter 庇护 shelter and enhance their way of life
It is the work of architectures to create buildings that are not only constructions but also offer inspiration and delight.建筑师们的创造出来的建筑物不单纯的是建筑物，还为人们带来了灵感和喜悦。
complement 补充
economically feasible 经济上可行的 feasible=achievable
client 委托人，客户
mediocre 平庸的，平凡的
be traced to 追踪到，根源在

be based ob physical laws 以物理定律为基础
devise 发明，设计
objective limitation 客观限制
gravity 重力
withstand 经受，承受

Development in architecture has been the result of major technological changes.建筑的发展也是由重大的技术变革造成的。
integral 构成整体所必须的 integral = essential
Today technology has progressed to the point where it is possible to invent new building materials to suit the type of structure desired.现今的技术已经发展到能够创造新的建筑材料来适应想要应用的建筑结构。
with ease 容易的
with a minimum of 最少限度的
progress 进步
Enormous changes in materials and techniques of construction within the last few generations have made it possible to enclose space with much greater ease and speed and with a minimum of material. 近几代建筑材料和科技的巨大变化使得包围空间更加简单、快速，并且用更少的材料。

component 组成部分
comparable to 可比较的，类似的
skeleton 骨架
interior 内部的，内地的，国内的
plumbing, electrical wiring, hot water, and air-conditioning管道、电线、热水和空调

be constructed of 由。。建造
permannence 永久，持久
arduous 辛劳的，费力的
ruin 废墟
arch 拱门
The arch was used by the early cultures of the Mediterranean area chiefly for underground drains, but it was the Romans who first developed and used the arch extensively in aboveground structures. 拱最初在地中海早期文化中用来建设地下水渠，但古罗马人最先开发和广泛的利用它作为地上建筑的结构。
span 跨越，贯穿
perfect 完善
semicircular 半圆
vertical 垂直的

临窗听雨 · 发表于 2012-9-6 15:03:44

rancher 牧场主
semiarid 半干旱的
intensity 强度，强烈 low-intensity
agricultural economy 农业经济
cattle ranching and wheat farming
underlain 在。。下面，构成。。的基础
aquifer 蓄水层
inhabit 居住

sandstone 砂岩
underlie 位于 ... 之下, 成为 ... 的基础
eatimate indicate that....据估计表明
presently 目前
minimal 最小的
Estimates indicate that the aquifer contains enough water to fill Lake Huron, but unfortunately, under the semiarid climatic conditions that presently exist in the region, rates of addition to the aquifer are minimal, amounting to about half a centimeter a year.据估计，奥加拉拉蓄水层的含水量足以填满休伦湖，但不幸的是，在目前该地区半干旱的气候条件下，奥加拉拉蓄水层的蓄水能力极低，每年仅半厘米左右。

drill well 钻井
drought 干旱的
ensue 接着发生，接踵而来
expansion 扩张
irrigation agriculture 灌溉农业
onward 向前的 especially from 1950s onward
device 装置，设备
dominate 占优势
geometric 几何图形的

unprecedented 空前的
negligible 可忽略不计的
recharge 再充电，回复精力
virtual 事实上的，实际上的
replenish 补充，再装满
resource 资源
source 来源，源头 natural water source
drastically 大幅度得，彻底的 has caused water tables to fall/decline drastically.
necessitate 需要
periodic 周期的，定期的
withdrawal 退缩，撤退 at the current withdrawl rate
it is projected that 据估计

inevitable 不可避免的 inevitable=unavoidable
depletion 枯竭
The reaction of farmers to the inevitable depletion of the Ogallala varies.
conserve water 保护水源
switch to 换成
philosophy 哲学哲理见解
economically profitable 产生经济效益的
incentive 刺激，鼓励，动机
The incentive of the farmers who wish to conserve water is reduced by their knowledge that many of their neighbors are profiting by using great amounts of water, and in the process are drawing down the entire region’s water supplies.当那些想节水的农民得知邻居们通过大量耗水的种植而盈利的时候，他们的热情降低了，从而导致了整个区域的供水量的减少。

In the face of the upcoming water supply crisis, a number of grandiose schemes have been developed.在即将到来的水资源供应危机面前，人们提出了一些宏伟的计划.
pipeline 管道
tenfold 十倍的
agricultural products 农产品
uncompetitive 没有竞争力的 uncompetitive on the national and international markets
promising 有希望的
inject 注入
triple 增至三倍
genetic engneering 基因工程
partial 部分的
strain （动植物）品种 new strains of drought-resistant crops
Whatever the final answer to the water crisis may be, it is evident that irragtion water will never be the abandunt, inexpensive resource it was during the agricultural boom years.无论这次水资源危机的最终结果如何，显然灌溉水资源再也不会像农业繁荣时期的那样充足并且廉价了。

临窗听雨 · 发表于 2012-9-6 15:53:39

plant community 植物群体
assemble 聚集
flexibly 灵活地
particular = specific
ecologist 生态学家
succession 演替
ecosystem 生态系统
pioneer 先锋
climax 高潮，顶端群落
mix 混合，融合
cumulative 累积的，渐增的

property 性质，财产，所有物

species diversity 物种多样性
support for this idea came from the observation that...通过观察得出的结论支持了这个观点
complex food webs 复杂的食物网
complexity 复杂化
to take an extreme example.
To take an extreme example, farmlands dominated by a single crop are so unstable that one year of bad weather or the invasion of a single pest can destroy the entire crop. 举个极端的例子，在单一作物的农田中，一年的恶劣天气或单一害虫的入侵就可以摧毁所有作物。

be defined as 定义为
by definition 因为根据定义
alternatively 另外
disturbance 扰乱, 骚动
resilience 弹性
ensure = gurantee

The destruction caused by the volcanic explosion pales in comparison to the destruction caused by humans. 就像火山的猛烈喷发所造成的破坏，在人类活动对环境造成的的破坏面前也相形见绌。

immigrant 移民
niche 适当的位置, [生]生态龛,生态位,小生态环境
vacate 空出, 让出
intact 完整无缺的，未经触动的，未受损伤的

晨依Jacqueline · 发表于 2012-9-7 21:15:02

这个超级赞！Mark一下~~~
等我二战托福的时候就来这里吸收营养啦~~~

临窗听雨 · 发表于 2012-9-7 22:22:34

这个超级赞！Mark一下~~~
等我二战托福的时候就来这里吸收营养啦~~~

-- by 会员晨依Jacqueline (2012/9/7 21:15:02)

欢迎～～～

临窗听雨 · 发表于 2012-9-8 12:09:43

You know why it's hard to be happy? Because you find it hard to let go of the things that make you sad.
知道为什么你很难快乐么？因为你很难放下那些令你悲伤的事情。
Yes, I've made mistakes. But you know what? Life didn't come with instructions.
是的，我犯了很多错。但是你知道吗？生活本来就没有说明书。
Just living is not enough. One must have sunshine, freedom, and a little flower.
生活，就该有些阳光，有点自由，还有一些花朵。
想起当初相见，似天旋地转，当意念改变，如过眼云烟。
未来遥远得没有形状，我们单纯得没有烦恼。
Dear you don't need to be changed for one.If you want to become a better man,please for your own sake.
I pretend I don't care you, but still I feel the pain.
我假裝不在乎你，但痛的是我自己
My life is full because I know I am loved
幸福不会遗漏任何人，迟早有一天它会找到你。
当面对两个选择时，抛硬币总能凑效，并不是因为它总能给出对的答案，而是在你把它抛在空中的那一秒里，你突然就知道你希望的结果是什么了。
Everybody wants happiness. No one wants pain. But how can you make a rainbow without a little rain?
今天比昨天好，就是希望。
One can choose to go back toward safety or forwad toward growth . Growth must be chosen again and again , fear must be overcome again and again .
人可以选择安全而往后走，或者选择成长而往前走。我们必须一次次又一次的选择成长，我们必须一次又一次地克服恐惧。
All I can hear in the silence that remains are the words I couldn't say.I love you, always have always will.
在寂静中我唯一能听到的，只剩下那些我说不出来的话。我爱你，一直很爱你，以后也是。
For the man sound of body and serene of mind, there is no such thing as bad weather. Every day has its beauty.
身心若是平静安然，就无谓天气好坏，每天都是美好的。
Many people start a career with a dream, then get busy forgetting it.
很多人一开始为了梦想而忙，后来忙的忘了梦想。
The moment you think about giving up,think of the reason why you held on so long.
每当你想放弃的时候，想一想是什么支撑着你一路坚持。

[备考日记] tpo 24 阅读笔记【临窗听雨】

tpo 3-1 Achitecutre

tpo 3-2 Depletion of the Ogallala Aquifer

tpo 3-3 The Long-Term Stability of Ecosystems

记录一下今天遇见的这些句子们

所属分类: TOEFL / IELTS

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