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TOEFL
一、概述：
在整个托福考试中，最重要的部分是听力，最难的部分，是口语。新托福机考听力占30分，但是口语六道题的后四道，写作两道题的前一道都与听力有关。如果听力不过关，大概有一半的分数会受到影响。想拿高分就不现实了。
而托福的口语部分，第一难在对电脑说很不习惯，第二难在它对思维能力，反应能力和表达能力的综合要求很高，很多题目即使用中文表述，也是令人张口结舌的。此外，很多学校除了托福总分要求外，会单独提出口语成绩要求，使得口语一项的重要性被加强，广大考友的负担也重了很多。
而我自身的特点是，听力比较弱，发音、语调尚可，所以整个复习思路是：以听力为中心，着重加强口语思维能力训练。
二、复习资料：
1． 小马过河（溜溜学）
小马过河是当年由新东方马骏老师开辟的一个新托福复习论坛（现在貌似改成了叫做溜溜学的留学咨询综合论坛，但是有关托福的版块并没有根本性的变化。），可以找到各种有用的托福复习资料和复习经验，除了OG，我的所有资料都是从这里下载的。
2． OG：
我在复习的时候用的OG是老版本，阅读、听力的难度比真实考试低了很多。作为ETS的官方指南，OG还是有必要重视的，尤其是口语和写作部分，我口语的后四道题基本只参考了OG，觉得基本和考试是一致的。听说新版本的OG难度很是变态，绝对是广大考生的福音啊。
3． 旧托福听力材料：
真正提高听力能力的关键材料，我觉得基础比较差，尤其是听力基础比较差的考友一定要重视这部分材料的运用。
4． Barron：
我的主要复习资料之一，阅读和听力都很靠谱。但是普遍反映巴朗的听力难度比较大，段子特别长。但是模考的时候把要求提高一点，考试时会轻松很多。大概考前一周的时候我把巴朗一套带加试的听力控制到只错了6个，心里就很安定了。口语和写作就没什么大的参考价值了，我是没有用过。
5． Kaplan：
据说是操作界面比较接近真实考试，所以很多人推荐使用，但我下的版本阅读乱码比较多，就没好好用了。但是听力还是都当模考做完了。
6． 独孤九剑：
这是小马过河上下载到的一份口语复习指导，我个人研读了很多遍，觉得从复习态度到复习方法都指导得很到位。建议在口语方面有障碍的考友们都看一看。
三、分科复习：
1． 阅读：
阅读是大部分中国考友的强项，但其实想轻松拿个高分也不是特别容易，上考场的时候要是一下没适应过来挺悲剧的。所有的模考软件都是六十分钟做三篇阅读，但真考的时候是二十分钟一篇加四十分钟两篇，加试的话再来一个四十分钟两篇，时间分配的自由度小了很多。
托福的阅读很有特点，都很长而且题目一定是按照先后顺序出的。所以还是培养边读边做题的方法比较好。我个人本来是喜欢先通读，有整体把握之后再做题，但发现对付托福的时候效率很低。主要是做得慢，后面会心慌。
单词题虽然不难，但万一被噎到也是很痛苦，所以建议大家考前背背张红岩的《词以类记》，主要是背书后面的那些单词题目，每道题能记住三四个单词，几百道题反反复复看上两三遍就可以了，顶多花一天时间，但是短期记忆效率很高。
我在考前大约OG三篇会错2到3题，BARRON带加试错到7题吧。
2． 听力
我觉得听力确实没有什么捷径可以走，唯一的真理就是所谓的马俊魔咒——“听写是提高听力的唯一途径”。旧托福的学术段子一天听写两个，加起来不超过四分钟的段子，起码得花一个小时来听写。我寒假的时候在家复习，听写写空了两个高中时候的周记本。
听写的具体方法是先把材料连贯地听一遍，知道个大概意思。然后就听一句（大约5秒到15秒长），写一句，每个词，不管是专有名词还是关系代词都要写下来，一遍听完下不下来就再听一遍，听了十遍还有听不出来的东西就看听力材料的原文核对。写的时候着重句子的结构，也就是尽量先写主谓宾，再写定状补。当然真写起来了也顾不得许多。这样一篇材料听写完后，再听一遍，很多时候会发现都写过一遍的东西还会有听不出来漏过去的，也很正常，再听一两遍就好了。
有时候会因为自己不认识的单词或者人名地名导致整个段子都听得吃力，会怀疑自己听不懂到底是因为词汇还是因为听力本身，然后会想放弃听写训练。根据我的经验，这种听不懂还是因为听力水平不够，随便放弃只是给自己找借口逃避痛苦罢了。不过听写确实很痛苦，而且很难坚持，但只要坚持到一周，最多半个月，就能明显感觉到自己的进步。这个时候还要继续坚持，巩固能力提高的效果。
我考前OG大约总共会错2、3个，BARRON带加试错7到13个。
3． 口语
到了大家最关心的口语部分了。口语四道题，其实是两部分，前两道题算真的考表达能力，后四道题基本算是考听力。
托福的前两道题，叫做根据熟悉的话题发表看法。当我第一次试着说的时候，彻底被打击了，各种张口结舌不知所云。个人认为这两道题考得是思维，关键要在那么短的时间内想到些可说的东西，然后用一个相对固定的模式表述出来。至于提高的方法，就是写段子，背段子，没事儿就找个没人的地方假装跟人说话，呱唧呱唧把段子里的内容声情并茂地说出来。
我复习的时候把当时能找到的所有熟悉的话题都写了一遍，发现有些题目确实要想很久才能想到靠谱的东西，但是写得多了之后，整个人的思路就和ETS对上了，一些成熟的观点和体系可以在很多很多类似甚至不类似的题目里头颠来倒去地说，即便遇到没有准备过的题目，也可以用十几秒的时间使劲儿往熟悉的内容上靠，胸中塞着几百上千条的理由，总能贴几个靠谱的上去。后面附上的是我当年写的段子，基本都追求有特点，有深度，最好还有点儿幽默感。希望对大家有所帮助。
后四道题，就是看听写的功底了，把听到的全记下来，分点复述即可。
关于模板，我觉得是很有必要准备一套的。但是模板应该尽量简单、泛用、原创。头两道题的模板基本是为了使理由的罗列不那么单调，后四道题的模板是要让自己的复述有结构，哪里开头、哪里转折、哪里总结心里有数，不会慌。想单靠模板拿高分，还是不现实。
4． 写作
综合写作说到底还是考听力，只要把听到的东西一点不落的记下来，然后拼命写，写得越长越好就成了。
独立写作和口语的前两道题类似，但是更需要有深度一些。我个人一直觉得写作需要比较深的功底，一个看似很浅的话题最好能做出比较深刻的论述。如果考友能够从理论观点、生活经验、社会价值几个角度进行论述，可能会更有话说，也更容易得高分一些。
这部分还需要说一下的是模板和拼写问题。我的写作一直都没有用模板，基本只是按照总分总的结构，字数一般能写到450，考试当天手比较快，写到了480。而关于拼写，我的处理方法是在写字板上计时联系，写得时候大胆写，尽量用不大记得清拼写但记得清意思的单词，写完后粘贴到word里，把标红线的单词都摘出来，每天看一看，很快会发现自己喜欢用哪些词，还容易写错。Necessary啦，modern啊之类的词我都错过很多很多遍……
四、考试当天
考试当天其实也没啥可说的，回忆一下自己整个复习过程，每一步如果都扎实了，该干的也都干了，就可以安安定定信心十足地上考场了。晚点儿去，晚点儿进场，在休息时间听听别人口语在回答什么是很靠谱的，我口语碰到的前两道题都挺变态的，但是听到隔壁大哥一直在说shopping我就把跟那玩意儿有关的什么网络购物啊，喜不喜欢购物啊，为什么要购物啊之类的话题迅速过了一遍，写了几条在草稿纸上，结果考的是“你喜欢没事儿就逛街还是有要买的东西才逛街”……但是之前写的几条还是用上了一些。
五、机经和加试
机经的话，总地来讲还是不利于高手的，因为大家都看到的话，大家都能答对，大家都答对，ETS就会调高得到高分的正确率，所以就是菜鸟和高手会得到一样的分数……但是，不管是菜鸟还是高手，还是应该考前看看机经，不然万一碰到了就是别人答对你答不对，完全是个囚徒困境。
加试有阅读加试、听力加试和双加试，阅读加一个四十分钟两篇，听力加什么忘记了。。。加试题目又分为经典题和非经典题，经典题就是答案和题目都可以在机经里找到完整版，非经典就是正常考题。我在进考场前把经典阅读加试的答案按次序给背下来了，打算遇到就得个满分，但最终遇到了最不想遇到的非经典阅读加试……据说在算分的时候，是从加试后的5篇阅读里随机抽取三篇来计算分数（听力同），但是加到经典题目的考友似乎也没有得更高分数的倾向，所以有可能加试到经典题的时候就会自动排除。
嗯，就这么多，希望大家都考试顺利哈~
附加的口语资料（原创不易。。。转载要给我留个名儿啊T___T）：
一．
1. It is my opinion that the cell phone is the most useful invention in the last 100 years. The reason why I say so is not only that cell phone is a powerful tool to connect people, which makes it possible and low cost that a mom could speak to her far away son anytime. But also, cell phone has became a modern entertainment platform with which people can play games, listen to music even watch movie. Moreover, with the developing of 3G technology, cell phones could be used as a personal terminal to get access to the internet, to locate position with google map or scanning everyday news. That’s all that why I think cell phone is the most useful invention in the last 100 years.
2. From the point of my view, my mother is the person who influenced me the most. The reason why I say so is not only that she taught me a lot of life experiences, like how to cook and how to clean. But also, she made me understand that a man should face all difficulties in life with sincereness and courage. Moreover, she always set herself as an example to convince me that we should always cherish the heart full of forgiveness and appreciation to tackle all surroundings, no matter your job, your friends or your family. That’s all that why I think my mom was, is and will be my best teacher.
3. From the point of my view, to exchange study aboard is the most important decision which I have ever made. The reason why I say so is not only the exchange life would offer me the opportunities to realize some of my childhood dreams like to appreciate the best paintings in Luvore Palace or listening to the best symphony in the golden hall. But also, I did have to pay considerable cost if I exchange to Europe. I had to drop some compulsory courses. I had to confront entirely unfamiliar study and living environment. However, I prefer to tell my grandchild one day that their grandpa had grasped the chance to realize childhood dreams rather than live as a normal case.
4. From the point of my view, the most meaningful item that I have ever received is a set of books named the encyclopedia for teenagers. The reason why I say so is not only that the four columns of the book contain almost all area of knowledge. From how the cosmos formed to how the US established, even how boys fell in love with girls. But also, the book talked about all of the knowledge in a vivid and interesting way that easy for teenagers to understand and accept. For example, pictures containing diagrams, photos of animals and plants even cartoons are widely used in this set of book. That’s all that why I think it’s the best item I’ve ever received.
5. It is badminton that is my favourite sport. The reason why I say so is not only that through the fierce games all parts of body will get sufficient exercises, which makes you feel exhausted and satisfied, meanwhile your body will be more nimble and stronger. But also, it requires corporation during doubles games and the will to win during both single and doubles, which represents a well training of teamwork and competitiveness. What's more, I've made a lot of new friend through the games and my family members also like it. Playing badminton is sort of social communication platform. That's all that why I think badminton is my favourate sport.
6. The place where I spend most of my spare time is the national library which located in the zhongguancun Street of Beijing. The reason why I say so is not only the huge variety of books there, especially some of the professional non fictions that associated with my major. But also, all the facilities in the national library containing the main building of the second phase, the tables that provides enough personal spaces make all of the readers feel really comfortable. Moreover, honestly speaking, I am sort of bookworm who do enjoy those books that even can't be found on the internet and to form a stable and integrated knowledge system with those comfortable reading experiences.
7. It is my opinion that the spring festival is the most important traditional affair in China. The reason why I say so is not only that, through the very traditional event, family members get together to eat great dinner which reinforces the affection among them. But also, billions of travelers heading their hometowns or tourist resorts during the spring festival holiday are becoming a more and more important part of the modern economy. Moreover, people always schedule their new year’s plans on spring festival, which promise us happiness and wealth in the next year. That’s all that why I think the spring festival is the most important traditional affair in China.
8. It is my opinion that a good friend should be such a person who not only has the basic virtues like kindness, sincereness, courage to face difficulties, and appreciation to tackle surroundings. But also, he should be able to have deep communication with you based on similar interests and the skills to understand and support others. Moreover, the real best friend would have the ability to affect you positively and make you a better person. That's all the characteristics that I think a good friend should have.
9. Presently, it is the goal of my career plan that one day I could be a scholar who majors in economics and philosophy. The reason why I say so is not only that, through this kind of job, I could obtain enough income to support my family and myself. But also, through the experiences in the university, I've found that I am sort of talented to write papers and essays that I did theoretical work better than those in practice. Moreover, I always believe that the most meaningful job that a human can do is to find the truth of the whole world even you may fail. That's all that why I hope to be a real scholar.
10. In these forms of book, I like novel the best. The reason why I say so is not only that novels are always easy to understand and follow, but also, through the story set by author, you’ll be deeply attracted by the thrilling plots or a world full of imagination. What’s more, many of the novels reveal the reality of society that would urge you to think while some others extolling the basic human virtues would really moved you. That’s all that why I like novels the best.
11. There’s no doubt that railway system is the most efficient public transportation in my country. The reason why I say so is not only that China has the third longest total length of railway system. But also, every year, this system had to transport the most enormous number of passengers in the whole world especially during the traditional spring festival. What’s more, under such a condition of supply and demand, the Price of Chinese railway trains could still be controlled in a low level that most of us could afford. That’s all that why I think that the railway system in China is so efficient.
二．
1. It is my opinion that real life teaches us more than the mass media. Fairly speaking, we could gain lots information from the modern mass media, through google and youtube, you can see and know whatever you want. Those programmes made by CNN and NBC would tell you almost everything that is happening in the world, finance, politics, sports and entertainment. However, information in mass media would guide you to some direction rather than teacher you how to find the direction. They never teach you how to think independently, which is the essence of a free and rational person, which you can only learn from those experiences and interaction with close people.
2. It is my opinion that we should attend colleges before work. Honestly speaking, working experiences would provide us some practical skills that would be beneficial to the career development and we would obtain the salary to feed ourselves even our families. However, the definition of success nowadays, should not be survival only. It is compulsory for a success life to find the meaning of itself, through independent thinking. That requires a systematical reserve of knowledge containing science, mathematics, politics and aesthetic, requires the deep communication with those most intelligent people in the world. And no place is better than the colleges to learn these.
3. advantages of indoor: buildings are always designed for certain purposes, as a result, the facilities and environment there always make you easier to focus,
like the library is quite and clean, tables and windows are designed to make you comfortable and leave you enough light, all of those help you to focus on reading...
disadvantage of outdoor: fresh air and beautiful view, you can easily relax your mind and challenge your body.
4. honestly speaking, the government would get a lot of benefits if it saves money from build those art galleries and theatres. Like more investment in business or business affairs. Anyway, we should define the function of a government in society. Instead of making itself more and more powerful, it is the final purpose of governments to improve the living standard of people, both material and nonmaterial levels. Attend art exhibition and concerts are the best nonmaterial enjoyments which would help citizens to relax themselves after work and train their abilities to realize the beauty of natural and manmade harmony.
5. It is my opinion that to be a leader in a team would be better. Honestly speaking, a lot of benefits could be obtained to be an ordinary member. Such as the lower pressure would improve the professional performance and also would leave you more time and energy to tackle the personal life. However, as for me, a person that is good at communication and never afraid of taking responsibility. I prefer to be team leader for I am talented to find the right directions through complicated situations and coordinate the resources in the team to do the most critical things. That means I can lead the team well and a lot of my schoolmates like to elect me as the team leader.
10.8 你喜欢学校教育还是通过电脑进行网络教育？
Although lots of benefits could be obtained from the internet based tele-education. I still prefer to study in school. The reason why I say so is not only that students sometimes need individual assistance like answering some personal questions which the pre-designed internet courses could never meet. But also, the interaction between professors and students is really an important progress for students to understand the essence of academic topics. More over, the new ideas coming from fierce discussion would be hard to reach when the interaction decreased.
10.15 你喜欢小课堂的讨论还是大课堂的讲座。
Although lots of benefits could be obtained from the internet based tele-education. I still prefer to study in school. The reason why I say so is not only that students sometimes need individual assistance like answering some personal questions which the pre-designed internet courses could never meet. But also, the interaction between professors and students is really an important progress for students to understand the essence of academic topics. More over, the new ideas coming from fierce discussion would be hard to reach when the interaction decreased.
10.18 你认为学生是否应该带手机上学？
In my opinion, students in college should take cell phones with them. The reason why I say so is not only that cell phone…
10.21 你认为人是否应该永远说真话？
No, the reason why we believe that honesty is a kind of virtue is that it lower the interpersonal interaction costs. But in some situations, the costs of telling lies is lower than speak truth. Famous philosopher, Socrates used to give us a classical example, that as you are a scout being caught by enemy, the cost of speak truth is the death of thousands of your troops which is much higher than tell lies. Therefore you should not be honesty to your enemy. Similar situations could widely be found in life. So, sometimes we need to choose white lies.
10.22 你认为大学教育是要面向所有学生还是部分学生？
10.28 与室友同住好还是一人住好？
I prefer to live with couple of roommates…
Live together would give you the opportunity to form close friendship with your roommate and make you feel that you’re not along.
Roommates always have similar courses so they could provide assistance in life and study to each other.
However, the different lifestyle like time to sleep could have bad effect on your sleep and private life, so I think everyone should still have his or her own cell.
10.29 第一印象和长期接触对人的了解哪个更准确？
Long term interaction
Our judgment tends to be affected by some external factors like body shape or even colour of hair and eyes. But internal characteristics, like personality, is more important when it comes to knowing someone.
Long term interaction always represents the sharing of benefits that would tell you who the person you’re with really is.
11.3 有些学校开设体育课程，有些没有，你怎么认为？
From the point of my view, colleges should offer the physical courses.
Based on better health condition, the
Relax
Social communication platform
11.5 对于业余时间，你觉得应该细心规划还是随波逐流
Always, we’ll have a lot of affairs to tackle after work. Without time organizing or management, our lives would be a mass.
We all have objects in our lives, long terms or short terms, we need to distribute our time into the preparation to all of them, to some things that are urgent and others are important…
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发表于 2010-9-16 21:10:43
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