请问大全147和249

roblixtt · 发表于 2003-11-20 07:20:00

关于主从句时态问题,总是搞不明白. LZM说当宾语从句的内容是一个客观事实.真理时,无论主语用何种时态,从句均用一般现在时. 可这不能帮我理解大全147和249:

147. At a recent session, the French government (has decided that Paris needs)a second, larger opera house to complement the famous Paris Opera.
答案是decided that Paris needs. 巴黎需要剧院也算是个真理吗?这只是巴黎政府这么觉得而已,应该把NEEDS改成NEEDED和主句时态一致才对啊.

249. Although the manager agreed to a more flexible work schedule, (he said that it must be posted on the bulletin board so that both management and labor will know what everyone) is assigned to do.
答案就是原句. LZM这次倒没有说这个经理说的话是真理所以用一般现在时. 他说宾语从句中MUST就用原形.我理解.那后面的WILL KNOW 呢?这也是经理说的话,为什么不改成过去式来和SAID保持一致呢?怎么理解这个一般将来时?

请大牛牛们帮我看看吧.

sbbi · 发表于 2003-11-22 22:53:00

ding yi xia

gemj · 发表于 2003-11-23 02:11:00

147.
根据薄冰“英语语法”185页：
（现在时）用于间接引语或独立句。主句的谓语动词如果是过去时态，而间接引语是客观事实或说话人认为是事实时，间接引语的谓语动词应用一般现在时。

249.
will know肯定不能改为knew，因为这件事情还没有定下来，大家不可能已经知道what everyone is assigned to do。

我爱欧洲 · 发表于 2005-9-21 09:24:00

一个经验性的总结：

一般现在时用于客观事实，科研成果，政府决定，统计资料，无论这些是主句还是从句里的内容。

但249我也有疑问，如果改成would know行不行呢？虽然GEMJ说的，说话人认为是事实，这个可以解释。

titatita · 发表于 2006-3-1 10:21:00

直接引语变成间接引语时，从句时态无须改变的情况

1）当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时的时候，如：

He always says, “I am tired out.” ——>He always says that he is tired out.

2）当主句的谓语动词是将来时的时候，如：

He will say, “I’ll try my best to help you.” ——>He will say that he will try his best to help me.

3）当直接引语部分带有具体的过去时间状语时，如：

He said, “I went to college in 1994.” ——>He told us that he went to college in 1994.

4）当直接引语中有以when, while引导的从句，表示过去的时间时，如：

He said，“When I was a child, I usually played football after school.” ——>

He said that when he was a child, he usually played football after school.

5）当直接引语是客观真理或自然现象时，如：

Our teacher said to us, “Light travels faster than sound.” ——>

Our teacher told us that light travels faster than sound.

6）当引语是谚语、格言时，如：

He said，“Practice makes perfect.” ——>He said that practice makes perfect.

7）当直接引语中有情态动词should, would, could, had better, would rather, might, must, ought to, used to, need时，如：

例如：

The doctor said, “You'd better drink plenty of water.” ——>

The doctor said I'd better drink plenty of water.

He said, “She must be a teacher.”——> He said that she must be a teacher.

He said, “She ought to have arrived her office by now.”——>

He said that she ought to have arrived her office by then.

The teacher said, “You needn't hand in your compositions today.”——>

The teacher said we needn't/didn't need to/didn't have to hand in our compositions.

She asked, “Must I take the medicine?”——> She asked if she had to take the medicine.

［注］：此处用had to代替must更好

8）此外转述中的变化要因实际情况而定，不能机械照搬，如果当地转述，here不必改为there, 动词come不必改为go，如果当天转述yesterday, tomorrow, this afternoon等均不必改变。如：

Teacher: You may have the ball game this afternoon.

Student : What did the teacher say, Monitor?

Monitor: He said we might have the ball game this afternoon.

sch · 发表于 2007-9-17 05:00:00

多谢楼上

youyou3941 · 发表于 2008-7-12 12:02:00

这样解释比较能接受

sausau · 发表于 2008-7-29 00:10:00

这个是个好帖啊，很详细的讲解，谢谢！

lcy19812000 · 发表于 2009-1-19 23:01:00

我对本题的小结：

答案：A。

[此贴子已经被作者于2009-1-19 23:04:53编辑过]

lcy19812000 · 发表于 2009-1-19 23:05:00

我对本题的小结：

答案：A。

直接引语变间接引语从句时态不变的一种情况是直接引语中有像should等过去时态的情态动词或者有像must等没有过去时的情态动词时。B中宾语从句须that引导，had与is时态不一致。C中they无指代对象。would have to是would do形式，过去将来，不要与would have done表情态动词过去时混淆。D中have to表客观，没有A中must表主观好；状语从句都应该用一般时（情态动词）表将来，而本选项的引语里so that结果状语从句和主句都用（过去）将来时不对。E没主句。

请问大全147和249

请问大全147和249

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