多个修饰成分之间的相对重要性

wangjieava23 · 发表于 2012-5-27 21:47:53

Taste buds are onion-shaped structures with between 50 and 100 taste cells, each of them has fingerlike projections poking through the opening located at the top of the taste bud called the taste pore.
(A) them has fingerlike projections poking through the opening located at the top of thetaste bud called the taste pore
(B) them that have fingerlike projections that poke through an opening located at thetop of the taste bud, which they call the taste pore
(C) which has fingerlike projections poking through the opening, called the taste pore, located at the top of the taste bud
(D) which havingfingerlike projections that poke through an opening, which is called the tastepore, located at the top of the taste bud
(E) which havefingerlike projections that are poking through an opening located at the top ofthe taste bud called the taste pore

答案：C
1. 关于each of which...; each of them ved; each ved 这三种表达manhanttan语法书上说是一致的。
2. called the taste pore和located at the top of the taste bud都是the opening的修饰语
3. 这两个修饰语在内容等级上，called the tasts pore用双逗号标出，内容等级上劣于located at the top of the tasts bud.

From Ron:
in fact, the entirety of the following is the modifier:
each of which has fingerlike projections poking through the opening, called the taste pore, located at the top of taste bud
the underlined part is actually a modifier within a modifier. if you remove that, it becomes much easier to see that what's left is ALL a modifier:
each of which has fingerlike projections poking through the opening located at the top of taste bud

From another instructor:
True, those both modify "opening." But notice that this whole clause, starting with "each of which" is a modifier as well. That's what Ron means by "modifier with a modifier."
We don't need a conjunction after ", called the taste pore," because this section is set off in commas, basically just adding extra info. So, while both parts modify the opening, one of them is set off as being at a "lower level" -- basically showing that it is just extra (unnecessary for the meaning of the sentence) info.

wangjieava23 · 发表于 2012-5-27 21:48:22

The Anasazi settlements at Chaco Canyon were built on a spectacular scale with more than 75 carefully engineered structures, of up to 600 rooms each, were connected by a complex regional system of roads.
A. with more than 75 carefully engineered structures, of up to 600 rooms each, were
B. with more than 75 carefully engineered structures, of up to 600 rooms each,
C. of more than 75 carefully engineered structures of up to 600 rooms, each that had been
D. of more than 75 carefully engineered structures of up to 600 rooms and with each
E. of more than 75 carefully engineered structures of up to 600 rooms each had been

答案：B
of up to 600 roome each 和 connected by a complex regional system of roads 都是75 carefully engineered structures的修饰成分。
同样，前者在内容上没有后者重要。

多个修饰成分之间的相对重要性

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