OG12-62 passive-voice construction wordy

abjure · 发表于 2012-8-4 20:37:45

62. When Congress reconvenes, some newly elected
members from rural states will try and establish tighter
restrictions for the amount of grain farmers are to be
allowed to grow and to encourage more aggressive
sales of United States farm products overseas.
(A) and establish tighter restrictions for the amount
of grain farmers are to be allowed to grow and
to encourage
(B) and establish tighter restrictions on the amount
of grain able to be grownby farmers and
encouraging
(C) establishing tighter restrictions for the amount
of grain farmers are allowed to grow and to
encourage
(D) to establish tighter restrictions on the amount of
grain capable of being grown by farmers and
encouraging
(E) to establish tighter restrictions on the amount of
grain farmers will be allowed to grow and to
encourage
Idiom; Parallelism

Idiom; Parallelism
Although try and is an idiom often used in
colloquial language, in this sentence, to is needed
after will try to maintain parallelism: to establish
and to encourage. Th e correct preposition following
restrictions is not for but on. Are to be allowed to
grow is wordy; the infi nitive to be should be
omitted for a tighter and clearer expression.
A To should replace and before establish;
restrictions is incorrectly followed by for
rather than on; to be is wordy and should be
omitted.
B Here, the passive-voice construction
able to be grown by is weak and wordy;
the constructions and establish … and
encouraging … are not parallel.
C Will try establishing does not show intent or
purpose; restrictions must be followed by on,
not for; parallelism is lost.
D Passive-voice construction capable of being
grown by is weak and wordy; encouraging and
to establish are not parallel.
E Correct. To establish indicates purpose and
parallels to encourage; restrictions is correctly
followed by on; the wordiness of the verb
phrase has been eliminated.
The correct answer is E.

这道题正确选项E也用了被动语态。OG解释B/D 解释说 passive-voice construction ..... is weak and wordy.
语意角度：
B/D意思是能够被farmer 种的谷物数量。
E忠实原文farmer能够被允许种的谷物数量。//更优

语法角度
问题是出在哪里？
请NN指教

梁泱泱 · 发表于 2012-8-4 22:08:54

xdf语法老师说过，GMAT中，be able to be done和capable of being done一看见就是错的，因为后面这个被动显得太不简洁太冗余了。。。

jeffery2541 · 发表于 2012-8-4 23:37:11

关于被动语态与主动语态，两种语态强调的方面是不同的：
i·主动语态本身其实没有特别强调的部分，但在主动语态中动作的发出者是很明确的，所以可以认为，主动语态相对比较强调动作发出者，即主语；
ii·被动语态则并一定体现出动作的发出者，而是注重动作的接受者，以及动作对接受的影响。

两种语态的侧重不同，适用的情况也不同，并不存在哪种语态绝对优于另一种语态的规则。

其实一般情况下句子都是主动语态，但是在这种情况下被动语态是要优于主动语态的：当动作发出者位置，或并不重要，不须特别指明时，或者确实想表达被动之意时，要使用被动语态。

比如，farmer will be allowed to grow中allow的动作发出者我们并不须明确知道是谁，也不须知道是谁，所以，使用被动语态相对好，另外，这里主动语态几乎无法表达。
而无论是able to be grown，还是capable of being grown都不必使用被动语态，grow动作的发出者明确，且根据句意需要指明，主动语态就好；另外，“能够被种植”在意思的表达上就是awkward的，被种植并不是植物的一种能力，而是farmer动作的结果。

abjure · 发表于 2012-8-5 08:50:39

谢谢楼上两位，

(E) to establish tighter restrictions on the amount of
grain farmers will be allowed to grow and to
encourage

（1）我对E新的理解为：是这样的句子把宾语（on the amounts of grain）和主题(farmers)用这种句式都强调出来了。B/D都只强调了on the amounts of grain。理解对吗，
（2）我记得babybearmm 有个帖子讲到passive-voice construction 的链接，不知道哪位可以share下。

Thx

abjure · 发表于 2012-8-5 10:19:21

OG 74句子和这道题结构很像。

abjure · 发表于 2012-8-5 20:46:07

up ，求解答

bob9603 · 发表于 2012-8-24 21:48:12

去搜我的帖子，我有说过这个问题，你可以搜索 try and establish~~~~~

OG12-62 passive-voice construction wordy

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