请教jnlvo及各位牛牛：对大全8、11两题注释的疑问

gmat700+ · 发表于 2004-7-4 03:03:00

8、 A huge flying reptile that died out with the dinosaurs some 65 million years ago, the Quetzalcoatlus had a wingspan of 36 feet, believed to be the largest flying creature the world has ever seen.

(A) believed to be

(B) and that is believed to be

(C) and it is believed to have been

(D) which was, it is believed,（C）

(E) which is believed to be

注释：C is best. 1)两个句子平行，意思连贯；2) it明确地指代the Quetzalcoatlus；3) 根据句意应该用完成时态believed to have been，句末的has ever seen是个暗示, to have been时态上与后面的the world has ever seen对应。
A, 错在believed to be修饰对象模糊，逗号+done做定语优先修饰前面就近的名词。参考大全174：
Elephants emit low-frequency sounds, believed to originate from a small area on their foreheads, that they may use as a secret language to communicate with other members of the herd.
主语+谓语+宾语，done。如果过去分词放在句末是修饰主语的，可以认为这个句型不是ETS喜欢的。另外believed to be有Quetzalcoatlus现在仍存在的意味。to have been比to be好，to have been表believe之前就是的。

不好意思，我不太明白上面被 highlight的那句话到底是什么意思？　过去分词放在句末到底是修饰主语的，还是修饰紧贴在逗号前的那个名词的？ＥＴＳ是不喜欢过去分词在句末修饰主语，还是不喜欢过去分词在句末修饰前面的名词？

11、 A letter by Mark Twain, written in the same year as The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn were published, reveals that Twain provided financial assistance to one of the first Black students at Yale Law School.

(A) A letter by Mark Twain, written in the same year as The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn were published,

(B) A letter by Mark Twain, written in the same year of publication as The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn,

(C) A letter by Mark Twain, written in the same year that The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn was published,

(D) Mark Twain wrote a letter in the same year as he published The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn that（C）

(E) Mark Twain wrote a letter in the same year of publication as The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn that

注释：（前略） (2)the same …that…可以认为就是the same sth, 后面的that只不过是定语从句修饰前面的名词，that做成分。例1：The news media give manufacturers’ charitable contributions the same amount of coverage that they give dumping.

比较：
1) Until recently it was assumed that organisms respond to microwave radiation in the same way that they respond to temperature changes caused by other forms of radiation.
2) Since the heat is not conducted outward to the surface to stimulate the appropriate receptors, the organism does not “appreciate” this stimulation in the same way that it “appreciates” heating and cooling of the skin.
3) the Moon was formed in the same way as were the planets in the inner solar system (Mercury, Venus, Mars, and Earth)
4) the proponents of the theory that microwave radiation acts on organisms in the same way as other forms of radiation based their conclusions primarily on unfounded assumption.

这题看了 jnlvo开头总结的那句话，我挺明白。但是看完后面的几个例子，我就有点糊涂了。我觉得这携句子里 the same as和 the same that在含义上好像区别并不大。比如 jnlvo给出的这两个句子：

The news media give manufacturers’ charitable contributions the same amount of coverage that they give dumping.

Until recently it was assumed that organisms respond to microwave radiation in the same way that they respond to temperature changes caused by other forms of radiation.

这两句话里是不是把 the same that 换成 the same as 也可以呢？用 that还是用 as，好像没有明显区别吧？这个语法点我还是没彻底搞明白。

谢谢牛牛们！

[此贴子已经被作者于2004-7-4 8:26:59编辑过]

vincent0330 · 发表于 2004-7-4 05:33:00

能把题目完整地弄出来吗??

另外, 我看不到你的字体, 可否放大一些(字号2或3)???

thanx....

vincent0330 · 发表于 2004-7-4 08:26:00

XDF04-23:

23. A huge flying reptile that died out with the dinosaurs some 65 million years ago, the Quetzalcoatlus had a wingspan of 36 feet, believed to be the largest flying creature the world has ever seen.

(A) believed to be

(B) and that is believed to be

(C) and it is believed to have been

(D) which was, it is believed,（C）

(E) which is believed to be

主语+谓语+宾语，done。如果过去分词放在句末是修饰主语的，可以认为这个句型不是ETS喜欢的。

这里是(A)的情况, 语法上就近修饰a windspan或36 feet, 逻辑上指代Q, 造成歧义

174. A letter by Mark Twain, written in the same year as The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn were published, reveals that Twain provided financial assistance to one of the first Black students at Yale Law School.

(A) A letter by Mark Twain, written in the same year as The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn were published,

(B) A letter by Mark Twain, written in the same year of publication as The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn,

(C) A letter by Mark Twain, written in the same year that The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn was published,

(D) Mark Twain wrote a letter in the same year as he published The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn that（C）

(E) Mark Twain wrote a letter in the same year of publication as The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn that

In this sentence, the relative pronoun that should introduce the clause The Adventures... published to make a relative clause modifying year. Also, the singular title of the novel demands a singular verb: for example, one would say, “The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is (not “are”) a great book.” Only C, the best choice, satisfies both requirements. Choices A and D incorrectly substitute as for that to introduce the relative clause. Choice A also mistakes the novel title for a plural (were published). B confuses meaning (written in the same year of publication as). E creates a similar confusion of meaning, and both D and E are awkward and imprecise because that is too far away from its referent (letter) to be clear.

the same …that…可以认为就是the same sth, 后面的that只不过是定语从句修饰前面的名词，that做成分

个人看法, the same sth as sth, 其发起的动作是同一个动作, 换句话说共用同一动词; 但OG这题不同的是, 虽是同年但动作不同, 所以用了that从句表达, 突出另一个动作的不同.....

to be discussed.........

[此贴子已经被作者于2004-7-4 8:43:49编辑过]

gmat700+ · 发表于 2004-7-4 08:29:00

实在是不好意思啊，狗狗哥。我刚把帖子重新编辑了一下。非常感谢你！

（这句话我发了6、7遍了，怎么发不上来呢？）

[此贴子已经被作者于2004-7-4 8:32:42编辑过]

jnlvo · 发表于 2004-7-4 08:35:00

8. 我感觉done或是形容词短语，放在句末，多是修饰前面的名词，而非首先修饰句首主语。当然在没有引起歧义的情况下，有时也指向主语。在前面有名词(a wingspan)的情况下，believed to be尽量不放在句末为好，也许the Quetzalcoatlus (believed to be)had a wingspan这样放置更清楚些。这题主要还是to be the largest flying意思表达不准确。

11. the same that....和the same as的区别我也没找到权威的说明，og中就事论事，不能完全说明问题。我的一个不成熟的想法the same ...as...跟as....as...有相近的地方，只是前多比的是名词，后比的是副词和形容词。这样the same ...as...跟as....as...一样就是后个as后相同部分的省略，这样有时the same +名词 as...中as就不能被看成that, 此时应用as, 如：The $1.1 billion represented the same percentage of total corporate spending in 1977 as did $77 million in 1972, 而that后是个完整的句子就不用as，因为比较对象可能不清。如此题the same year (in)that The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn was published 或the organism does not “appreciate” this stimulation in the same way that it “appreciates” heating and cooling of the skin.剩下的有些情况两者可能能混用如 The same professor as taught my father is teaching me now.

谢谢gmat700+MM热心质疑！

vincent0330 · 发表于 2004-7-4 08:42:00

以下是引用gmat700+在2004-7-4 8:29:00的发言：

实在是不好意思啊，狗狗哥。我刚把帖子重新编辑了一下。非常感谢你！

（这句话我发了6、7遍了，怎么发不上来呢？）

你客气啦....只是提醒你把题目贴了, 好让过往nn看到马上能回......

gmat700+ · 发表于 2004-7-4 08:47:00

以下是引用vincent0330在2004-7-4 8:26:00的发言：