关于比较，帮忙看看哈

jaze · 发表于 2011-5-11 09:01:37

大全10. A large rise in the number of housing starts in the coming year should boost new construction dollars by several billion dollars, making the construction industry’s economic health much more robust than five years ago.
(A) making the construction industry’s economic health much more robust than five years ago
(B) and make the construction industry’s economic health much more robust than five years ago
(C) making the construction industry’s economic health much more robust than it was five years ago
(D) to make the construction industry’s economic health much more robust than five years ago
(E) in making the construction industry’s economic health much more robust than it as five years ago
为什么A 不对哈
这个不是时间状语的比较吗？

To develop more accurate population forecasts, demographers have to know a great deal more than now about the social and economic determinants of fertility.
A. have to know a great deal more than now about the social and economic
B. have to know a great deal more than they do now about the social and economical
C. would have to know a great deal more than they do now about the social and economical
D. would have to know a great deal more than they do now about the social and economic
E. would have to know a great deal more than now about the social and economic
这个也是，感觉笔记中对e的解释看不懂，
如果说，这棵树现在比五年前高多了，不是 the tree is taller now than five years ago 吗？

Today’s technology allows manufacturers to make small cars more fuel-efficient now than at any time in their production history.
A. small cars more fuel-efficient now than at any time in their
B. small cars that are more fuel-efficient than they were at any time in their
C. small cars that are more fuel-efficient than those at any other time in
D. more fuel-efficient small cars than those at any other time in their
E. more fuel-efficient small cars now than at any time in

这个我知道为什么不选A，因为汽车生产出来之后是不会变化的，所以过去现在将来，都一样，但是就像上面的，将来to know 的比现在to know的多哈，这个是变化的哈
麻烦各位哈，谢谢啊！

kikisunflower · 发表于 2011-5-11 10:47:06

第一题：
因为比较前后的时态是不同的，所以需要补出助动词，it was不能省略

知识点来源：prep语法2008版中的解释，题号216. (T-3-Q39) (天山-7-39, OG12-18)：

主系表结构的比较与主谓结构相同。如果时态不一致，则需补出助词，如：
The economy of Florida is more diversified than it was ten years ago

第二题：
对主谓宾全的句型主语比较：A do sth than B do.（AB为对等名词，加do是为了显示这是一个可以发出动作的名词，因而确定是主语，进而确定是主语对比）

知识点来源同上

第三题不知道怎么解释

kikisunflower · 发表于 2011-5-11 10:49:57

the tree is taller now than five years ago 也是错的哈
助动词要补出来的

the tree is taller now than it was five year ago

kikisunflower · 发表于 2011-5-11 10:59:16

但是有一道题：
Soaring television costs accounted for more than half the spending in the presidential campaign of 1992, 【a greater proportion than it was】 in any previous election.
A、a greater proportion than it was
B、a greater proportion than
C、a greater proportion than they have been
D、which is greater than was so
E、which is greater than it has been

这道题选B，语法笔记对A的解释是：
1、不能用it指代名词短语a greater proportion
2、因为只是名词短语的比较，that可以省略而不带任何歧义

看不懂解释2.。。。。。无语。。。。继续总结中。。。

kikisunflower · 发表于 2011-5-11 11:02:03

上面那道题，笔记中对B的解释，贴出来。。。

Soaring television costs accounted for more than half the spending in the presidential campaign of 1992, a greater proportion than（the proportion）（television costs had accounted for of the spending）in any previous election；这个句子中只是单个名词(proportion)的比较，所以不需要考虑than后面补出主谓，只补出介词短语就够了，不用担心后面的介词短语in any previou election没有平行对象

kikisunflower · 发表于 2011-5-11 11:08:51

觉得第三题可以拿#3的题来解释：

就是当句子中是单个名词的比较时，不需要补出主谓。

small cars more fuel-efficient now than those at any time in their

这里比较的是small cars和those这两个名词，和第二题里面比较的to know性质是不一样的。这样的比较只需要补出介词短语就可以了。

kikisunflower · 发表于 2011-5-11 11:28:39

把prep2008笔记上的知识点总结一下：

1、主+谓+宾句型：A do sth +比较级+than B do. 第二个do不能省，且注意前后动词各自的时态。

(1)主语比较：A do sth than B do.（AB为对等名词，加do是为了显示这是一个可以发出动作的名词，因而确定是主语，进而确定是主语对比）

(2)介宾比较 A do sth of C1 by D1 than of C2 by D2.（C1C2，D1D2对等名词）

(3)宾语比较 A do C1 than C2.(C1C2为对等名词）

(4)状语比较A do sth than usual/everbefore/people expected(直接加状语）

2、主+谓句型：A do+比较级+ than B. 因为没有宾语，只可能有主语比较，因而不需要重复do来确认这是一个可发出动作的主语

3、主+系+表句型：（1）比较前后时态相同：A is +比较级+ than B
（2）比较前后时态不同：A is +比较级+ than B was （即需要补出助动词，注意时态）

4、单纯名词的比较：
含有比较级的名词性结构+than+介词短语，即当句子中是单个名词的比较时，不需要补出主谓，只补出介词短语即可。

含有比较级的名词性结构：（1）简单结构：如a greater proportion
（2）从句结构：如small cars that are more efficent

另外，如果than后面需要比较对象的核心词与than前面的名词性结构的核心词不同，如small cars的那道题，需要在than后面加上those/that等限定词。

jaze · 发表于 2011-5-11 13:31:09

大爱tifa啊

jaze · 发表于 2011-5-11 14:25:24

上面那道题，笔记中对B的解释，贴出来。。。

Soaring television costs accounted for more than half the spending in the presidential campaign of 1992, a greater proportion than（the proportion）（television costs had accounted for of the spending）in any previous election；这个句子中只是单个名词(proportion)的比较，所以不需要考虑than后面补出主谓，只补出介词短语就够了，不用担心后面的介词短语in any previou election没有平行对象

-- by 会员 kikisunflower (2011/5/11 11:02:03)

灵光乍现了哈
因为是一个比例，所以现在的比例可能是20，但是将来的可能是 200
所以你可以 a proportion than in ....
但是如果就像上面的know，现在知道的隔个几百年，还是现在知道的哈，不不出的话，比较的就是现在知道的在现在和将来，是一样的哈
如果不出就不一样了哈，那是现在知道的和将来知道的比较哈，而不是同一主语的比较了哈
再说说那棵树哈
this tree is taller now than five years ago
如果不不出的话，就是 this tree is taller now than it is five years ago 这个是有语法和逻辑错误的
因为现在的是现在，过去的是过去的哈，是不一样的哈
this tree is taller now than it was five years ago

kikisunflower · 发表于 2011-5-11 16:43:30

恩的。。。我来膜拜你的灵光。。。
prep2008笔记上的“比较之庖丁解牛—by cwang”一定要看

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