Although various eighteenth- and nineteenth-century American poets had professed an interest in Native American poetry and had pretended to imitate Native American forms in their own works, until almost 1900, scholars and critics did not begin seriously to study traditional Native American poetry in native languages.

• Auntil almost 1900, scholars and critics did not begin seriously to study  
• Buntil almost 1900 scholars and critics had not begun seriously studying  
• Cnot until almost 1900 were scholars and critics to begin seriously to study  
• Dit was not almost until 1900 when scholars and critics began to seriously study  
• Eit was not until almost 1900 that scholars and critics seriously began studying