[求助]885 SEC D 7

7.     Everyone participating in the early sociological study committed a crucial methodological error by failing to fully consider alternative ways of classifying their data.

(A) by failing to fully consider alternative ways of classifying their

(B) by failing fully to consider alternative ways of classifying their

(C) they failed to consider alternative ways to classify their

(D) by not fully considering alternative ways to classify the（D）

(E) by not considering fully alternative ways of classifying his or her

答案D中的the data 在句中不需要有指代吗？A中的by failing错在哪？

data是实词，不需要指代的吧

by failing好像没错，错的是way of doing没有way to do好