关于which请教牛人

许懿颖 · 发表于 2013-3-24 19:40:52

OG13 T48
It is called a sea, but the landlocked Caspian is actually the largest lake on Earth, which covers more than four times the surface area of its closest rival in size, North America's Lake Superior.
A.It is called a sea, but the landlocked Caspian is actually the largest lake on Earth, which covers

C.Though called a sea,the landlocked Caspian is actually the largest lake on Earth, covering

正确答案选C，这个我没问题
但是OG里对A 的解释The referent of which is unclear. Grammatically, its antecedent cannot be the landlocked Caspian ,so it must be either Earth or the largest lake on Earth . The latter is a little odd, because the sentence has already said that the lake in question is the Caspian, so one would except and instead of which.

最后的解释我没明白，用which 引导的从句修饰the largest lake on Earth 不可以吗？为什么要换成 and

victor198506 · 发表于 2013-3-24 19:55:02

本题的意思是：虽然被称为海，但是被陆地封闭的Caspian其实是地球上最大的湖，它的覆盖面积超过了第二大湖北美的苏必利尔湖超过4倍。
如果which从句修饰earth会明显地扭曲句子的原来意思

victor198506 · 发表于 2013-3-24 19:56:09

因为which跟在earth后面的话，可以被误解为which从句是修饰earth的

rylstar01 · 发表于 2013-3-24 20:11:03

如OG的解释一样，which的在语法上的指代会出现Earth 或者the largest lake on Earth，1）将which替换掉，或者使用covering，是避免了是修饰Earth还是修饰the largest lake on Earth歧义，直接修饰了the largest lake，由于but引导的句子是系表结构，也就直接修饰了the landlocked Caspian。2）换成and之后，句子是这样It is called a sea, but the landlocked Caspian is actually the largest lake on Earth, and covers more than four times the surface area of its closest rival in size, North America's Lake Superior.其中but作为一个插入语的成分。句子也是完整无误的。也能够达到选项C的效果

许懿颖 · 发表于 2013-3-24 21:04:06

rylstar01 发表于 2013-3-24 20:11
如OG的解释一样，which的在语法上的指代会出现Earth 或者the largest lake on Earth，1）将which替换掉，或 ...

我还是不大明白。如果but引导的是插入语的话，那么and 引导的并列结构是什么呢？这个句子还完整吗？

许懿颖 · 发表于 2013-3-24 21:06:51

victor198506 发表于 2013-3-24 19:55
本题的意思是：虽然被称为海，但是被陆地封闭的Caspian其实是地球上最大的湖，它的覆盖面积超过了第二大湖 ...

我一直有个问题，就是在我做OG的时候总是搞不清楚句子原来的意思要根据什么判断（如果A选项都是扭曲意思的话），如果这道题which从句是修饰地球上最大的湖为啥就扭曲原句的意思了呢？

不好意思哈！我是新手，刚开始看GMAT，所以很多问题不懂！

rylstar01 · 发表于 2013-3-24 21:13:05

许懿颖发表于 2013-3-24 21:04
我还是不大明白。如果but引导的是插入语的话，那么and 引导的并列结构是什么呢？这个句子还完整吗？ ...

It is called a sea, but the landlocked Caspian is actually the largest lake on Earth, and covers more than four times the surface area of its closest rival in size, North America's Lake Superior.
主干是：It is called a sea, but the landlocked C... , and covers ...
更精简的话就是：It is called a sea... and covers...
covers与is平行。

victor198506 · 发表于 2013-3-24 21:23:02

许懿颖发表于 2013-3-24 21:06
我一直有个问题，就是在我做OG的时候总是搞不清楚句子原来的意思要根据什么判断（如果A选项都是扭曲意思 ...

不好意思，用“扭曲原句意思”可能不是很准确。这题中的which放在这个位置会造成歧义,因为它能修饰lake也能修饰earth。所以用修饰整句句子的covering放在这位置更合适。

rylstar01 · 发表于 2013-3-24 21:25:45

同意LS。

DUKB24 · 发表于 2013-3-24 22:10:59

so here u got a split between which clause and comma+ving

same:
both are modifier,namely subordinate structure
difference：
the former is noun modifier，modifying the closet noun
the latter is adverbial modifier，modifying the preceding clause

if discussed grammatically，the latter should be better，for the former still creates some sorts of ambiguity （ this statement is said under comparison with other choices！）

EX： A of B，which...
in common，we take for granted that which just modify the logically reasonable antecedent
but under comparison

if you got A of B，which...
A,which / A of B,ving

the latter will sure win

my opinion is purely based on grammatical point
but you cannot omit the logical side as well

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