再问题OG 119

119. Executives and federal officials say that the use of crack and cocaine is growing rapidly among workers, significantly compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse, which already are a cost to business of more than $100 billion a year.

(A) significantly compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse, which already are a cost to business of
(B) significantly compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse, which already cost business
(C) significantly compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse, already with business costs of
(D) significant in compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse, and already costing business
(E) significant in compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse, and already costs business



Choice B, the best answer, uses clear and concise phrasing to state that it is the effects of drug and alcohol abuse that already cost business the sum mentioned. In A, to business is awkwardly and confusingly inserted between cost and the prepositional phrase that modifies it, and are already a cost to business is wordy and awkward compared to cost business. In C, already with business costs of... is awkward and unclear, failing to specify that those prior effects generate the cost. Choices D and E produce faulty constructions with the phrase significant in compounding, which cannot grammatically modify the verb form is growing.

也就是说, significantly compounding 现在分词修饰的对象是从句谓语growing.可是我还是不太明白是怎样修饰它的. 我觉得好象是个伴随状语啊,说明前面整件事情(USE IS GROWING)的影响啊,而不仅是IS GROWING.

还有,如果D和E变成THE EVENT WHICH IS SIGNIFICANT IN.....从而说明前面事件的影响可以吗?

请问哪为NN能帮我看看.

从上下文的意思来看，这里的compounding不是USE IS GROWING的结果，所以应该只是表示两个动作同时发生。D要改也应该改成THE EVENT THAT IS SIGNIFICANT IN，不过做独立主格意思有点奇怪，不是最好。

Choices D and E produce faulty constructions with the phrase significant in compounding, which cannot grammatically modify the verb form is growing.

according to explaination given by ETS, it modify "is growing"ah.....

by the way, why i have to use that instead of which in the sentence: the event that....