OG11 38

Dr. Tonegawa won the Nobel Prize for discovering how the body can constantly change its genes to fashion a seeming unlimited number of antibodies. each specifically targeted at an invading microbe or foreign substance.
                

(A)  seeming unlimited number of antibodies, each specifically targeted at
                

(B)  seeming unlimited number of antibodies, each targeted specifically to

(C)  seeming unlimited number of antibodies, all specifically targeted at
                

(D)  seemingly unlimited number of antibodies, all of
                them targeted specifically to

(E)  seemingly unlimited number of antibodies,
                each targeted specifically

 答案我是选对了，但题干最后一部分却总也看不顺。“each ...targeted at ...a...microbe or ..."

1）这是个省略了(each) of which的从句吗？如果是，which作为主语可以省略吗？

2）target为什么用过去时？如果是被动语态省略being，逻辑上说不过去啊？

脑袋都要想破了。请各位大牛赶紧往我头顶上灌牛奶！感谢！

若是从句，被动语态的是动词不应该省略，否则就是sentence fragment.

而且为什么要用被动语态呢？ 请看主动语态“each gene targets at a microbe"--不就可以了吗？

首先，seeming是形容词，不能修饰unlimited，排除ABC

其次，target at sth.是固定搭配，表示瞄准...，目标是...,排除D

each...targeted...at...microbe or...作antibodies的同位语。

这是each引导的强调型独立主格结构：

句子+复数名词，each+ 介词短语/形容词短语/-ed分词短语/-ing分词短语/名词短语

each指代前面复数名词的每一个。本句中后面接了targeted短语

谢谢大虾，思路清晰！

但还是不明白为什么target用过去式呢？

现在分词和过去分词主要差别在于：现在分词表示"主动和进行"，过去分词表示"被动和完成"(不及物动词的过去分词不表示被动，只表示完成)。分词可以有自己的状语、宾语或逻辑主语等。

targeted是过去分词短语。