再问一下OG11-24

39. For members of the seventeenth-century Ashanti nation in Africa, animal-hide shields with wooden frames were essential items of military equipment, a method to protect warriors against enemy arrows and spears.

(A)  a method to protect

(B)  as a method protecting

(C)  protecting

(D)  as a protection of

(E)   to protect

Choice C is best because the participle protecting begins a phrase that explains what the shields did.

Choices A and B awkwardly use the singular word method to refer to items of military equipment rather than to the use of such items.

Also, a method of protecting would be more idiomatic than a method to protect in A or a method protecting in B.

In B and D, as is incorrect; also, a protection in D has no noun for which it can logically substitute.

Choice E is incomplete; used to protect would have been acceptable.

OG11的解释：

Logical predication + rhetorical construction

The underlined part of the sentence begins a phrase describing items of military equipment. It is awkward and inaccurate to describe items as a method. Replacing the underlined phrase with the participle protecting creates a modifying phrase that clearly explains the purpose of the items of military equipment.

A. A method to protect is an awkward reference to items

B. The singular a method should not refer to the plural items; as a method protecting is not idiomatic

C. Correct. In this sentence, protecting properly introduces a modifying phrase revealing the purpose of the items.

D. Beginning the phrase with as is incorrect; using the noun form protection creates wordiness

E. The infinitive to protect cannot act as an adjective modifying items; the participial form of the verb, protecting, is required

对于17世纪的非洲Ashanti nation来说，用兽皮做的带有木头框架的盾是其军事装备的essential items, 这些items的目的是从敌人的箭和矛中保护战士们。变成

我的问题是

（1）按OG的解释protecting是目的状语，修饰的是items，是主句的宾语。为什么此处它的逻辑主语不是主句主语shield呢？盾保护战士。。。不是更合理顺眼吗？

（2）还是修饰对象的问题，如果修饰的是shield的话，盾作为一个工具 shield...as a method..（A,B项）也是说得过去的感觉

（3）E项to protect不对是不是因为其动作发出者不明确的关系呢？OG说to protect不能做形容词，，，混乱中。。。

等待nn赐教～～

我的理解是不一定正确,还请NN拍砖)

1.逗号后Ving做修饰成分的时候可以修饰整个句子,也可以修饰前面的紧接的名词,表目的

2.BY书里面提到了一个独立主格结构的用法是,n.+ving/ved...做独立主格,前面那个名词应该是对前面句子所提到成分的一个概括,这里就象OG解释说的那样,不搭配

3.个人觉得,是因为逗号+不定式作修饰的这种用法不是很对

不太清楚逗号+ving形式什么时候是修饰前面句子，什么时候修饰紧挨着的前面名词，什么时候修饰那个句子的主语（主句或从句），，，哪位能给解释一下呢。。。

和3楼的困惑相同？ 

以下是引用estherpeter在2007-4-10 16:43:00的发言：

不太清楚逗号+ving形式什么时候是修饰前面句子，什么时候修饰紧挨着的前面名词，什么时候修饰那个句子的主语（主句或从句），，，哪位能给解释一下呢。。。

OG11-24OG的解释号后Ving修饰前面紧随的名词.然而,在OG11-79题中,如下:

79. The Parthenon was a church from 1204 until 1456, when Athens was taken by General Mohammed the Conqueror, the Turkish sultan, who established a mosque in the building and used the Acropolis as a fortress.
(A) who established a mosque in the building and used the Acropolis as
(B) who, establishing a mosque in the building, used the Acropolis like
(C) who, when he had established a mosque in the building, used the Acropolis like
(D) who had established a mosque in the building, using the Acropolis to be
(E) establishing a mosque in the building and using the Acropolis as

OG解释E答案不对是因为其修饰前句的主语.

请牛牛解答.