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10.15 TorontoYorkmills 机经
30-25-55
24 11-28 30
听力段子：
心理学：
小孩的personality受什么影响，原来认为是受家庭环境影响，后来发现还是和基因有关
双胞胎的性格就很相近
地理：mass-wasting
由于重力的原因，地面上的soil，rock往下沉，有四种形式，有图，包含滑坡什么的。还有一种叫creeping，也有图，形成顺序是下雨变湿－》膨胀－》斜上升－》干燥－》斜下降，总体是向下移动了
问题包括：
什么原因引起mass wasting: Gravity
哪种mass-wasting最常见，不是flow也不是creep的那个
creeping的顺序题，如上所诉
刚才查的相关背景：
Mass-Wasting is defined as the down slope movement of rock and regolith near the Earth's surface mainly due to the force of gravity. Mass-wasting is an important part of the erosional process, as it moves material from higher elevations to lower elevations where transporting agents like streams and glaciers can then pick up the material and move it to even lower elevations. Mass-wasting processes are occurring continuously on all slopes; some mass-wasting processes act very slowly, others occur very suddenly, often with disastrous results. Any perceptible down slope movement of rock or regolith is often referred to in general terms as a landslide. However, as we will see, landslides can be classified in a much more detailed way that reflects the mechanisms responsible for the movement and the velocity at which the movement occurs.
Types of Mass-Wasting Processes
1。Slope Failures - a sudden failure of the slope resulting in transport of debris down hill by sliding, rolling, falling, or slumping.
*Slumps - types of slides wherein downward rotation of rock or regolith occurs along a concave-upward curved surface. The upper surface of each slump block remains relatively undisturbed, as do the individual blocks. Slumps leave arcuate scars or depressions on the hill slope. Slumps can be isolated or may occur in large complexes covering thousands of square meters. They often form as a result of human activities, and thus are common along roads where slopes have been oversteepened during construction. They are also common along river banks and sea coasts, where erosion has under-cut the slopes. Heavy rains and earthquakes can also trigger slumps.
*Falls - Rock falls occur when a piece of rock on a steep slope becomes dislodged and falls down the slope. Debris falls are similar, except they involve a mixture of soil, regolith, vegetation, and rocks. A rock fall may be a single rock or a mass of rocks, and the falling rocks can dislodge other rocks as they collide with the cliff. Because this process involves the free fall of material, falls commonly occur where there are steep cliffs. At the base of most cliffs is an accumulation of fallen material termed talus.
*Slides - Rock slides and debris slides result when rocks or debris slide down a pre-existing surface, such as a bedding plane, foliation surface, or joint surface (joints are regularly spaced fractures in rock that result from expansion during cooling or uplift of the rock mass). Piles of talus are common at the base of a rock slide or debris slide. Slides differ from slumps in that there is no rotation of the sliding rock mass along a curved surface.
2。Sediment Flows - debris flows down hill mixed with water or air.
*Slurry Flows- are sediment flows that contain between about 20 and 40% water. As the water content increases above about 40% slurry flows grade into streams. Slurry flows are considered water-saturated flows.
*Granular Flows - are sediment flows that contain between 0 and 20% water. Note that granular flows are possible with little or no water. Fluid-like behavior is given these flows by mixing with air. Granular flows are not saturated with water.
creep是Granular flow的一种
Creep - the very slow, usually continuous movement of regolith down slope. Creep occurs on almost all slopes, but the rates vary. Evidence for creep is often seen in bent trees, offsets in roads and fences, and inclined utility poles (see figure 8.2 in your text).
生物：
前人jj，illuminance.海洋生物中有的会发光,实际上是一种细菌的作用.它们聚在一起时才有用(有题). 题目中还有问moonlight's function.
艺术：
苏联电影海报，由于苏联和东欧的革命，这些海报才得以公开。画这些海报的人待遇很高。
阅读：
欧洲人造纸
完全同意前人机经：
只是我在考试中ultimately没有eventually选项，我选的at the end
以下引用前人机经
〔
考题： 纸刚刚发明出来的时候，欧洲人不用的原因是他们不信任纸，全篇说人工造纸，虽然开头说很快接受。
词汇：
Still=Nevertheless, Eventually=Ultimately, Partial=uncompletely
seep＝pass through slowly，untrusted＝have no confidence, mesh网筛，vat大桶，大缸，tray平底浅盘，uneven不平的，不齐的，edge边缘，unsolidified不牢固的，
Fix=attach
Watermark的意思，就是用铁丝放在TRAY上，在纸的背面形成作公司的标志。
最后一个是插句子题，是晾干之意，应该放在压制步骤“Press”之后
〕
费城搞了个庆祝美国独立一百周年展览，自由女神也是那时候送的
美国人猎bufflo带来的经济影响
加拿大东南海岸的潮水，及海岸地质构造
美国报纸新闻由政治向商业化的转变
ardent - enthusiastic
ramification - consequence
插入句子题很迷惑人，我是最后一分钟才改正过来的，希望后来的同学多用deltakey练练
作文：
disagree/agree
All students should study music and art in secondary school
：）nightmare一般的复习日子总算结束了，痛打几天游戏先
[此贴子已经被作者于2003-10-16 11:44:14编辑过] |
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发表于 2003-10-16 03:16:00
