请教 几道问题.

以下是这几天做题目时一直迷惑不解的问题。

请教大家。谢谢XDJM们.

题目来源于XDF的教材《GMAT语法分册》

48. According to surveys by the National Institute on Drug Abuse, about 20% of young adults used cocaine in 1979, doubling those reported in the 1977 survey.

A.

B. to double the number the 1977 survey reported

C. twice those the 1977 survey reported

D. twice as much as those reported in the 1977 survey

E. twice the number reported in the 1977 survey

E.

问题：1。Doubling动名词可以修饰前面的整体部分，而且，并非是没有动作的发出者。

为什么A不对？

54．
            Monitoring heart patients’ exercise, as well as athletes exercising, is now done by small transmitters broadcasting physiological measurements to nearby recording machines.

A.

B. monitoring the exercise of heart patients, as well as athletes exercising, is now done by small transmitters broadcasting physiological measurements to nearby recording machines.

C. small transmitters broadcasting physiological measurements to nearby recording machines are now used to monitor heart patients’ exercise, as well as athletes exercising.

D．broadcasting physiological measurements to nearby recording machines, small transmitters are now used to monitor heart patients’ exercise, as well as athletes exercising.

E. both athletes exercising and heart patients’ exercise are now monitored by small transmitters broadcasting physiological measurements to nearby recording machines.

C

问题：

1.       正确选项C中的意思与原句的意思有出入：原句是讲XX可以怎样解决。C是讲XX现在被用来做什么。对于原文逻辑含义的忠诚度到底要怎样把握呢？

2.       如果C正确的话，那么D哪里有误呢？

72． For many people, household labor remains demanding even if able to afford household appliances their grandparents would find a miracle.

A.

B despite being able to afford household appliances their grandparents would find a miracle.

C. even if they can afford household appliances their grandparents would have found miraculous

D. although they could afford household appliances their grandparents would find miracle

E. even if they are able to afford household appliances which would have been a miracle to their grandparents.

C.

问题：

1．a miracle或miraculous是题目正误的小的考点吗？

2．在原文中their grandparents would find a miracle前面是否是省略了that?

关于that的省略，是否是：

当作为宾语从句的连接词是不可以省略。如：find that, indicate that.

但是作为定语从句的连接词的话就可以省略？

98． Several studies have found that the coronary patients who exercise most actively have half or less than half than the chance of dying of a heart attack as those who are sedentary.

A.

B. have half the chance, or less, of dying of a heart attack than those who are sedentary do

C. have half the chance that they will die of a heart attack, or less, than those who are sedentary do.

D. are at least fifty percent less likely to die of a heart attack as those who are sedentary

E. are at least fifty percent less likely than those who are sedentary to die of a heart attack.

E.

问题：

1．  正确选项E中出现了新的词组：are likely.而原句中用的是have.对原文的忠实度要怎样把握呢？

2．  B哪里有误呢？

103． One of Ronald Reagan’s first acts as President was to rescind President Carter’s directive that any chemical banned on medical grounds in the United States be prohibited from sale to other countries.

A.

B. that any chemical be prohibited from sale to other countries that was banned on medical grounds in the United States.

C. prohibiting the sale to other countries of any chemical banned on medical grounds in the United States.

D. prohibiting that any chemical banned on medical grounds in the United States is sold to other countries.

E. that any chemical banned in the United States on medical grounds is prohibited from being sold to other countries.

C.

问题：

1．  排除ABE的原因是否是：分词表示多次，而从句表示一次。但是法令是多词的，所有要用prohibiting.

2．  正确选项C中，of any chemical 是修饰 other countries的吗？

110．A huge flying reptile that died out with dinosaurs some 65 million years ago, the Quetzalcoatlus had a wingspan of 36 feet, believed to be the largest flying creatures the world has ever seen.

A.

B. and that is believed to be

C. and it is believed to have been.

D. which was, it is believed,

E. which is believed to be

C.

问题：

正确选项C中and前面的谓语动词是哪个？

也就是说原句中的谓语动词是哪个？

48=大全51

51, sec02-21

Choice A is phrased illogically in that it says the young adults in the 1979 survey somehow doubled the people in the 1977 survey, not that the number of young adults using cocaine doubled. The infinitive to double, used unidiomatically in B, carries the sense of in order to double. Again in choice C, twice the number would be preferable to twice those(people).It is not clear in choice D whether twice as much… refers to the number of young adults using cocaine in 1979 or the amount of cocaine they used. Choice E is best for this moderately easy question.

54=大全508

Choices A and B incorrectly juxtapose heart patients’ exercise and athletes who are exercising, not patient’s exercise and athletes’ exercise, as is more logical. Choice C, which clarifies the comparison, is best. D and E, like A and B, imply a comparison between athletes who are exercising and the exercise of heart patients. The question is moderately easy.

72=大全304

304, sec03-10

A) able to afford少主语, 会产生household labor is able to afford; their grandparents would find household appliances a miracle这样household appliances成了a miracle意思表达很awkward; 且would find语气不好。
B) despite不能表达复杂的意思和结构。
C) best. 用虚拟their grandparents would have found household appliances miraculous, 大意：(在过去)他们的祖父母会发现这些家用器具是奇迹。因为是虚拟, 故这种情况是不存在的, 说明household appliances对于their grandparents是新产物/本身就是个新事物, 不是个出现在过去的事物。
D) could和C中的can都表一种可能性, 感觉这时although(尽管), 从意思表达上不如even if(即使)好; would find表将来的一种语气, 这样会让人觉得household appliances是个还未问世的新产品, 意思与原意不符。
E) 1)household appliances和
                a miracle单复数不对应, 意思awkward; 2)can afford本来是固定用法, be able to --- ability和afford --- ability, 二者都是种能力, 故it is redundant to use both; 3) which错, which只能修饰非限制性定从，或者前有个介词。

98=大全637

637, sec04-11

A) 比较as没有相应的as出现。
B) than没有比较级, or less算是插入语。
C) 同理上。
D) 同理A。
E) best. 有less than, be likely to do。

103=大全559

559, sec04-16

A) be prohibit from + n不好
B) that was banned修饰对象不清。
C)best. directive用doing简洁比A更优。

D) prohibit that错。
E) 要用虚拟

可以：prohibit sth, prohibit sb. from doing sth.

110=大全

8, sec04-23

C is best. 1)两个句子平行，意思连贯；2) it明确地指代the Quetzalcoatlus；3) 根据句意应该用完成时态believed to have been，句末的has ever seen是个暗示, to have been时态上与后面的the world has ever seen对应。

A, 错在believed to be修饰对象模糊，逗号+done做定语优先修饰前面就近的名词。参考大全174：

Elephants emit low-frequency sounds, believed to originate from a small area on their foreheads, that they may use as a secret language to communicate with other members of the herd.

主语+谓语+宾语，done。如果过去分词放在句末是修饰主语的，可以认为这个句型不是ETS喜欢的。

另外believed to be有Quetzalcoatlus现在仍存在的意味。to have been比to be好，to have been表believe之前就是的。

B中and that在这里that指带不对。Gmat中that一般不单独用来指代某物。

D, E的which一般只能指前面的名词wingspan，错。

补注：done或是形容词短语，放在句末，多是修饰前面的名词，而非首先修饰句首主语。当然在没有引起歧义的情况下，有时也指向主语。在前面有名词(a wingspan)的情况下，believed to be尽量不放在句末为好，也许the Quetzalcoatlus (believed to be)had a wingspan这样放置更清楚些。这题主要还是to be the largest flying意思表达不准确。

一个老外点评：This is a badly-written sentence, without a correct answer.  In my understanding, the correct answer should read "and is believed to be (or have been) the largest flying creature the world has ever seen. However, I will default to the second best answer, which is C

lisa2003wang：你好！

强烈推荐先参考GMAT大区各版块的置顶贴，好东东多多！相信它们可以解决你大部分问题。

本语法区置顶贴有：

语法区第一贴 －《语法区版规》（请仔细阅读！！）

[推荐]GMAT单科捷进之语法备考方法篇

GMAT语法复习资料库

GMAT语法知识点精华贴分类汇总

GMAT语法讨论链接总录

如果阅读完上述相关内容仍未能解决你的问题，欢迎发帖继续讨论。发帖一定要注意“版规”里的要求哦。谢谢！

祝你复习过程顺利、愉快！

另：XDF语法中绝大部分都是大全中的题，请在大全中搜索题号，下载大全注释，或参考语法讨论连接中的前人讨论，如果实在没有解决问题，可法帖询问！请一题一帖并在标题中标明题目出处及题号，感谢您的配合！！

非常感谢耐心解答哈！

我都明白了！

我爱CD，更爱CD上的XDJM！！！！！！！！！！