Introduced by Italian merchants resident in London during the sixteenth century, in England life insurance remained until the end of the seventeenth century a specialized contract between individual underwriters and their clients, typically being ship owners, overseas merchants, or professional moneylenders.

• Ain England life insurance remained until the end of the seventeenth century a specialized contract between individual underwriters and their clients, typically being  
• Bin England life insurance had remained until the end of the seventeenth century a specialized contract between individual underwriters with their clients, who typically were  
• Cuntil the end of the seventeenth century life insurance in England had remained a specialized contract between individual underwriters and their clients, typically  
• Dlife insurance in England remained until the end of the seventeenth century a specialized contract between individual underwriters and their clients, typically  
• Elife insurance remained until the end of the seventeenth century in England a specialized contract between individual underwriters with their clients, who typically were