对OG里三道比较题感到困惑

israning · 发表于 2016-4-23 15:41:38

OG16 SC90
Prices at the producer level are only 1.3 percent higher now than a year ago and are going down, even though floods in the Midwest and drought in the south are hurting crops and therefore raised corn and soybean prices.
A  than a year ago and are going down, even though floods in the Midwest and drought in the south are hurting crops and therefore raised
B  than those of a year ago, and are going down, even though floods in the Midwest and drought in the south are hurting crops and therefore raising
C  than a year ago and are going down, despite floods in the Midwest and drought in the south, and are hurting crops and therefore raising
D  as those of a year ago and are going down, even though floods in the Midwest and drought in the south hurt crops and therefore raise
E  as they were a year ago and are going down, despite floods in the Midwest and drought in the south, and are hurting crops and therefore raising
正确答案是选B，但是这里不是now和a year ago的比较吗？

OG16 SC104
Heating-oil prices are expected to be higher this year than last because refiners are paying about $5 a barrel more for crude oil than they were last year.
A  Heating-oil prices are expected to be higher this year than last because refiners are paying about $5 a barrel more for crude oil than they were
B  Heating-oil prices are expected to rise higher this year over last because refiners pay about $5 a barrel for crude oil more than they did
C  Expectations are for heating-oil prices to be higher this year than last years’ because refiners are paying about $5 a barrel for crude oil more than they did
D  It is the expectation that heating-oil prices will be higher for this year over last because refiners are paying about $5 a barrel more for crude oil now than what they were
E  It is expected that heating-oil prices will rise higher this year than last yea’s because refiners pay about $5 a barrel for crude oil more than they did
这道题答案选A。这道题类似上题的结果，但是A选项是higher this year than last，这里为什么又不是higher this year than those of last呢？

OG16 SC111
According to recent studies comparing the nutritional value of meat from wild animals and meat from domesticated animals, wild animals have less total fat than do livestock fed on grain and more of a kind of fat they think is good for cardiac health.
A  wild animals have less total fat than do livestock fed on grain and more of a kind of fat they think is
B  wild animals have less total fat than livestock fed on grain and more of a kind of fat thought to be
C  wild animals have less total fat than that of livestock fed on grain and have more fat of a kind thought to be
D  total fat of wild animals is less than livestock fed on grain and they have more fat of a kind thought to be
E  total fat is less in wild animals than that of livestock fed on grain and more of their fat is of a kind they think is

这题答案选B。B选项中的结构不是类似I eat apple faster than you. than后面的名词变成跟宾语比较而不是主语了吗？这里为什么不需要加谓语呢？
还有A选项中的加的谓语do为什么可以用倒装呢？

第一次在CD上发帖望各位前辈多多指教><

emmahiggins09 · 发表于 2016-4-24 06:45:00

我个人的感觉是如果没有后面的and are going down..., 根据时间状语从句的省略原则，这个部分 those 补不补出都是不要紧的

但是问题是这里有了and ，这and 结构就明确表现出了这句句子的前面在比较的都是主语prices ，如果不在a year ago 前补出prices，那么and 好像是在连接a year ago 和 prices ，所以个人觉得还是补出比较清楚，而且A的最大的致命的split point 还是在后面第二个and therefore raised 这个错误上。

第二个例子就是典型的时间状语从句的比较，主语谓语如果相同的话是可以省略的解释谓语动词时态不同因为时间状语已经给出了时间上的reference.

把省略的部分补全了就是：Heating-oil prices are expected to be higher this year than (Heating-oil were exepected) last year

第三个例子：首先我觉的B选项里的do便是谓语动词了，根据省略原则如果have 如果是做实义动词的话，那么比较对象的第二部分的have 是要用do 来代替的，所以这里的do就是have 的意思。

如果把省略的部分补出来且调整语序的话，那就是: livestock fed on grain do （这里do = have )

然后还有第二个比较tricky 的地方就是这里的 and ，就是第一个例子中提到的一样，and 前后连接的部分是需要结构上平行的，那么这里貌似只给出了more of a kind of fat，其实这里又是个省略，这里省略的是主句的主语和谓语 wild animals have 所以补全的话就是： wild animals have less total fat than do livestock fed on grain AND (wild aniamls have) more a kind of fat thought to be ....

个人愚见，欢迎大家纠正

大胡 · 发表于 2016-4-24 08:46:18

我觉得你说的第一个例子，now是可以和a year ago做比较的，就像你说的第二个例子一样，时间状语的比较是完全可以的。至于为什么不选这样的比较是因为后半句考虑到平行、时态和句子逻辑性的问题，所以直接就能排除ACE，再加上D选项的as使用是错误的，所以正确选项选择B。虽然时间状语的比较没有错误，但是B这样的比较也同样是正确的。

至于第三个例子，wild animals have less total fat than livestock，如果按照你的说法是宾语的比较的话，我们可以试着把句子补全，wild animals have less total fat than (wild animal have) livestock. 这里我们根据常识就能知道，野生动物有家畜，这样的说法一定是不可能。所以这里根据常识判断出来不可能是宾语的比较，所以可以省略谓语动词。

至于你举得那个例子I eat apple faster than you，同理，我觉得这个句子也是正确的，因为I eat apple faster than (I eat) you，这个也太血腥了，按照常识应该也是不可能的，所以同样可以省略谓语。

像类似这样的情况，能加上谓语动词自然是最好的，但是不加也是可以的，因为不会造成句意的模糊。

至于你说的那种宾语和主语比较不清的情况，举一个OG15的例子
Plants are more efficient at acquiring carbon than fungi
这里的话，有可能plants are more efficient at acquiring carbon than (acquiring) fungi
这里就会让人们错误的认为植物获得碳比它们获得真菌更高效。因为我们目前没有这样的一个常识，植物是不能获得真菌的，所以会产生宾语比较的歧义。

本贴相关题目 OG-2017-SC-777 | TN-18-SC-36OG-2017-SC-777 |
OG-2016-SC-111 |
TN-18-SC-36
... (MBVJ)

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