og 12 sc 53 ，and 与as well as（已认真解决）

ainiAnnie · 发表于 2012-4-29 11:13:38

53. The nineteenth century chemist Humphry Davy presented the results of his early experiments in his “Essay on Heat and Light,” a critique of all chemistry since Robert Boyle as well as a vision of a new chemistry that Davy hoped to found.

(A) a critique of all chemistry since Robert Boyle as well as a vision of a

(B) a critique of all chemistry following Robert Boyle and also his envisioning of a

(C) a critique of all chemistry after Robert Boyle and envisioning as well

(D) critiquing all chemistry from Robert Boyle forward and also a vision of

(E) critiquing all the chemistry done since Robert Boyle as well as his own envisioning of

Parallelism; Rhetorical construction

The main objective of the sentence is to describe “Essay on Heat and Light” as Davy’s presentation of his own experiments and to further explain that the essay served as both a critique of previous chemistry and a vision of a new kind of chemistry. The clearest, most effective form for providing this explanation of the essay’s function is to make

critique and vision both appositives of “Essay on Heat and Light,” and to present them in a parallel structure.

我的疑问如下：（A的平行最好无疑问，可是as well as 也不要求平行呀...）
and 和 as well as 不能替换，and 表示并列关系；as well as表示一种从属关系，从属部分去掉对句子的语法不产生影响（这个无疑问）。
在og解释中，有这么一句话：the essay served as both a critique of previous chemistry and a vision of a new kind of chemistry.我自己也觉得a critique of previous chemistry 和a vision of a new kind of chemistry 从逻辑上来看也应该是并列关系，再者 as well as 也不是平行标识（也就是说as well as 前后不一定要平行，这点不是非常确定，但是查了Manhattan上面列举的平行标识没有这个），所以权衡了下选了 B

Og 上解释说Critique and his envisioning are not parallel，但是词性是一样的，在广义上也可以说是平行的。

求NN指导。

Suri在奋斗 · 发表于 2012-4-29 12:13:37

爱妮，Mark一下，这个题目我以前也弄过，晚上回来翻翻以前的笔记看看

yakev6 · 发表于 2012-4-29 12:27:52

个人理解哈
as well as 有两种词性，介词和连词。
做介词时候后面只能接名词，并且要和前面的名词同逻辑范畴
即：S, as well as B, VO 这时候S 和B必须同词性且同逻辑范畴。
做连词时候，可以代替and，个人理解应该属于并列关系。
A as well as B, 这里AB既可以是名词，也可以是SVO，且两者要求平行。

ainiAnnie · 发表于 2012-4-29 13:12:57

爱妮，Mark一下，这个题目我以前也弄过，晚上回来翻翻以前的笔记看看

-- by 会员 Suri在奋斗 (2012/4/29 12:13:37)

恩，好的，么么~~

ainiAnnie · 发表于 2012-4-29 13:29:19

个人理解哈
as well as 有两种词性，介词和连词。
做介词时候后面只能接名词，并且要和前面的名词同逻辑范畴
即：S, as well as B, VO 这时候S 和B必须同词性且同逻辑范畴。
做连词时候，可以代替and，个人理解应该属于并列关系。
A as well as B, 这里AB既可以是名词，也可以是SVO，且两者要求平行。

-- by 会员 yakev6 (2012/4/29 12:27:52)

这是我搜到的一位前辈的解释，
aswellas用法三则

一、用作连词

al wellas可以用来连接两个相同的成分，如名词、形容词、动词、介词，通常不位于句首。此时，aswellas连接的虽然是两个并列成分，但强调的重点在前面，不在后面，意思为“不但……而且……”、“既……又……”、“除了……之外，还有……”翻译时要先译后面，再译前面。例如：

1. Living things need air and light aswellas water.
生物不仅需要水，还需要空气和阳光。（连接名词）

2. She helped Tom aswellas I. = She and I helped Tom.
我帮了汤姆的忙，她也帮了汤姆的忙。（连接主格代词）

3. She helped Tom aswellas me. = She helped Tom and me.
她帮了我的忙，也帮了汤姆的忙。（连接宾格代词）

4. She continued her own work aswellas hepled me.
她除了帮助我，还继续自己的工作。（连接动词）

5. He finds the mass of materials before, aswellas after exeperiments.
他不但在实验后，还在实验前求出材料的质量。（连接介词短语）

6. The child is lively aswellas healthy.
这孩子既健康又活泼。（连接形容词）

二、用作介词

此时，aswellas相当于besides，in addition to，意思为“除……之外”，后面通常接名词或动词，尤其是位于句首时。

Aswellas / Besides / In addition to eating five course meals, they drank seven bottles of wine.
除了五道菜外，他们还喝了七瓶酒。

三、well用于as……as的结构中

这种aswellas结构表示比较，引起一个比较状语从句。例如：

He can operate the machine aswellas I do.
他操纵这台机器和我一样熟练

还有就是任何时候，as well as 都不能和and 等同，表示逻辑关系是不一样的，A and B表示同等地位；A，as well as B，B只是作为附加信息出现~

ainiAnnie · 发表于 2012-4-29 15:03:28

ok，找到一根很好的帖子：
是否需要区别as well as和and的用法？From Ron

this is not a decision that you are expected to make -- in this context, either of those two phrasings could be legitimate.
in general, "and" is a default preference (because it's simpler) while "as well as" is used when there is some sort of rhetorical reason to do so.
this is not something i've ever seen tested, and i'm basically 100% sure it will never be tested (because the difference is quite subtle, much more subtle than anything that would actually be dispositive in an official gmat problem). so it's nothing to worry about.

http://forum.chasedream.com/GMAT_SC/thread-663571-1-1.html?SearchText=as well as
谢谢teddybearj4前辈整理~

yakev6 · 发表于 2012-4-29 15:25:27

ok，找到一根很好的帖子：
是否需要区别as well as和and的用法？From Ron

this is not a decision that you are expected to make -- in this context, either of those two phrasings could be legitimate.
in general, "and" is a default preference (because it's simpler) while "as well as" is used when there is some sort of rhetorical reason to do so.
this is not something i've ever seen tested, and i'm basically 100% sure it will never be tested (because the difference is quite subtle, much more subtle than anything that would actually be dispositive in an official gmat problem). so it's nothing to worry about.

http://forum.chasedream.com/GMAT_SC/thread-663571-1-1.html?SearchText=as well as
谢谢teddybearj4前辈整理~

-- by 会员 ainiAnnie (2012/4/29 15:03:28)

受教了。赞

Suri在奋斗 · 发表于 2012-4-29 23:45:22

.Parrallelism
(1)We can divide nouns into two categories:
1) Concrete nouns (物体名词）refer to things, people, places, and even time periods or cenain events.
rock, continent, electron, politician, region, holiday, week
2)Action nouns（动作名词） refer to actions, as their name implies. They are often formed from verbs.
eruption, pollution, nomination, withdrawal, development, change, growth
二者不能平行

(2)-Ing verb forms used as nouns are called Gerunds. Gerund phrases are divided into two categories as well:
A) Simple Gerund Phrases
Simple gerund phrases are "Nouns on the Outside, Verbs on the Inside." That is, the underlined phrase acts as a noun:
Tracking satellites accurately is important for the space agency .
B) Complex Gerund Phrases
Complex gerund phrases are "Nouns Through and Through." The -Ing gerund form is made fully into a noun; in fact, it is often preceded by articles (a, an, or the) or adjectives
(accurate). The object is put into an Of prepositional phrase (e.g., the running of marathom)or placed in front of the -Ing form (e.g., marathon running). Complex gerund phrases may
sometimes sound less natural than simple gerund phrases, as in the example above
The accurate tracking of satellites is important for the space agency

(3)简单动名词不能和复杂动名词平行，
Wrong: I enjoyed drinking the water AND the wine tasting.
Drinking the water is a simple gerund phrase, but the wine tasting is a complex gerund
phrase.
Right: I enjoyed drinking the water AND tasting the wine.

(4)只有复杂动名词才能与动作名词平行
Of the two types of gerund phrases, only complex ones can be parallel to action nouns.In a list of action nouns, a simple gerund phrase might be mistaken for something other
than a noun.

(5)In any list of action nouns, always choose the complex gerund phrase (often with articles
and the word Of) over the simple gerund phrase!

(6)In brief, there are three categories of nouns: (1) Concrete Nouns, (2) Action Nouns and
Complex Gerunds, and (3) Simple Gerunds. Do not mix these categories

然后 critique --动作名词 his visioning of --复杂动名词
critiquing ---简单动名词
(A) a critique of all chemistry since Robert Boyle as well as a vision of a

as well as其实也能引导平行吧，虽然是说从属关系，但它的意思还是表示“也”，我在这样想（其实我以前一直当它是平行的，今天看爱妮的，受教啦）
a critique of ···和 a vision of a 名词对名词，多好呀

(B) a critique of all chemistry following Robert Boyle and also his envisioning of a
这里把critique归为动作名词，his envisioning of归为复杂名词，二者也可以平行，但是要记住
当一个复杂动名词本可以用动作名词来表示的时候，就不需要用复杂动名词

Also, if an appropriate action noun for a particular verb already exists in English, then avoid
creating a complex gerund phrase. Instead, use the pre-existing action noun.

Wrong: The rebels demanded the withdrawal of government forces from
disputed regions AND releasing certain political prisoners.
Wrong: The rebels demanded the withdrawal of government forces from
disputed regions AND THE releasing OFcertain political prisoners.
注意这个地方，你看the withdrawal是动作名词吧，the releasing是复杂动名词，我当时也想了半天不理解，明明两个是可以的哇
但是忽略了 the releasing可以直接用the release来表示多好哈
Right: The rebels demanded the withdrawal of government forces from
disputed regions AND THE RELEASE OF certain political prisoners.
Release is a pre-existing action noun (meaning the act of releasing, so use this noun.
Fortunately, the complex gerund phrase will generally sound worse than the pre-existing
action noun.
In brief, there are three categories of nouns: (1) Concrete Nouns, (2) Action Nouns and
Complex Gerunds, and (3) Simple Gerunds. Do not mix these categories.
This is a complicated issue. Perhaps that is why the GMAT likes to test it. Spend a little
time mastering this topic, and your effort will payoff.

(C) a critique of all chemistry after Robert Boyle and envisioning as well

只有复杂名词才可以和动作名词平行，错误

(D) critiquing all chemistry from Robert Boyle forward and also a vision of

只有复杂名词才可以和动作名词平行，错误
and also 用法也错误
(E) critiquing all the chemistry done since Robert Boyle as well as his own envisioning of

这里简单动名词和复杂动名词不能平行，错误

爱妮去翻manhattan 213 ，上面讲的很详细，我现在摘抄的就是摘自那里

ainiAnnie · 发表于 2012-4-29 23:49:43

.Parrallelism
(1)We can divide nouns into two categories:
1) Concrete nouns (物体名词）refer to things, people, places, and even time periods or cenain events.
rock, continent, electron, politician, region, holiday, week
2) Action nouns（动作名词） refer to actions, as their name implies. They are often formed from verbs.
eruption, pollution, nomination, withdrawal, development, change, growth
二者不能平行

(2)-Ing verb forms used as nouns are called Gerunds. Gerund phrases are divided into two categories as well:
A) Simple Gerund Phrases
Simple gerund phrases are "Nouns on the Outside, Verbs on the Inside." That is, the underlined phrase acts as a noun:
Tracking satellites accurately is important for the space agency .
B) Complex Gerund Phrases
Complex gerund phrases are "Nouns Through and Through." The -Ing gerund form is made fully into a noun; in fact, it is often preceded by articles (a, an, or the) or adjectives
(accurate). The object is put into an Of prepositional phrase (e.g., the running of marathom)or placed in front of the -Ing form (e.g., marathon running). Complex gerund phrases may
sometimes sound less natural than simple gerund phrases, as in the example above
The accurate tracking of satellites is important for the space agency

(3)简单动名词不能和复杂动名词平行，Wrong: I enjoyed drinking the water AND the wine tasting.
Drinking the water is a simple gerund phrase, but the wine tasting is a complex gerund
phrase.
Right: I enjoyed drinking the water AND tasting the wine.

(4)只有复杂动名词才能与动作名词平行
Of the two types of gerund phrases, only complex ones can be parallel to action nouns.In a list of action nouns, a simple gerund phrase might be mistaken for something other
than a noun.

(5)In any list of action nouns, always choose the complex gerund phrase (often with articles
and the word Of) over the simple gerund phrase!

(6)In brief, there are three categories of nouns: (1) Concrete Nouns, (2) Action Nouns and
Complex Gerunds, and (3) Simple Gerunds. Do not mix these categories

然后 critique --动作名词 his visioning of --复杂动名词
critiquing ---简单动名词
(A) a critique of all chemistry since Robert Boyle as well as a vision of a

as well as其实也能引导平行吧，虽然是说从属关系，但它的意思还是表示“也”，我在这样想
a critique of ···和 a vision of a 名词对名词，多好呀

(B) a critique of all chemistry following Robert Boyle and also his envisioning of a
这里把critique归为动作名词，his envisioning of归为复杂名词，二者也可以平行，但是要记住
当一个复杂名词本可以用动作名词来表示的时候，就不需要用复杂名词

Also, if an appropriate action noun for a particular verb already exists in English, then avoid
creating a complex gerund phrase. Instead, use the pre-existing action noun.
Wrong: The rebels demanded the withdrawal of government forces from
disputed regions AND releasing certain political prisoners.
Wrong: The rebels demanded the withdrawal of government forces from
disputed regions AND THE releasing OFcertain political prisoners.
Right: The rebels demanded the withdrawal of government forces from
disputed regions AND THE RELEASE OF certain political prisoners.
Release is a pre-existing action noun (meaning the act of releasing, so use this noun.
Fortunately, the complex gerund phrase will generally sound worse than the pre-existing
action noun.
In brief, there are three categories of nouns: (1) Concrete Nouns, (2) Action Nouns and
Complex Gerunds, and (3) Simple Gerunds. Do not mix these categories.
This is a complicated issue. Perhaps that is why the GMAT likes to test it. Spend a little
time mastering this topic, and your effort will payoff.

(C) a critique of all chemistry after Robert Boyle and envisioning as well

只有复杂名词才可以和动作名词平行，错误

(D) critiquing all chemistry from Robert Boyle forward and also a vision of

只有复杂名词才可以和动作名词平行，错误
and also 用法也错误
(E) critiquing all the chemistry done since Robert Boyle as well as his own envisioning of
这里简单动名词和复杂动名词不能平行，错误

-- by 会员 Suri在奋斗 (2012/4/29 23:45:22)

小Q宝贝写的好详细呀~赞一个~~
当一个复杂名词本可以用动作名词来表示的时候，就不需要用复杂名词
Manhattan上的哈~这么一提记起来了~做的时候没想到这个知识点~~

Suri在奋斗 · 发表于 2012-4-29 23:54:45

.Parrallelism
(1)We can divide nouns into two categories:
1) Concrete nouns (物体名词）refer to things, people, places, and even time periods or cenain events.
rock, continent, electron, politician, region, holiday, week
2) Action nouns（动作名词） refer to actions, as their name implies. They are often formed from verbs.
eruption, pollution, nomination, withdrawal, development, change, growth
二者不能平行

(2)-Ing verb forms used as nouns are called Gerunds. Gerund phrases are divided into two categories as well:
A) Simple Gerund Phrases
Simple gerund phrases are "Nouns on the Outside, Verbs on the Inside." That is, the underlined phrase acts as a noun:
Tracking satellites accurately is important for the space agency .
B) Complex Gerund Phrases
Complex gerund phrases are "Nouns Through and Through." The -Ing gerund form is made fully into a noun; in fact, it is often preceded by articles (a, an, or the) or adjectives
(accurate). The object is put into an Of prepositional phrase (e.g., the running of marathom)or placed in front of the -Ing form (e.g., marathon running). Complex gerund phrases may
sometimes sound less natural than simple gerund phrases, as in the example above
The accurate tracking of satellites is important for the space agency

(3)简单动名词不能和复杂动名词平行，Wrong: I enjoyed drinking the water AND the wine tasting.
Drinking the water is a simple gerund phrase, but the wine tasting is a complex gerund
phrase.
Right: I enjoyed drinking the water AND tasting the wine.

(4)只有复杂动名词才能与动作名词平行
Of the two types of gerund phrases, only complex ones can be parallel to action nouns.In a list of action nouns, a simple gerund phrase might be mistaken for something other
than a noun.

(5)In any list of action nouns, always choose the complex gerund phrase (often with articles
and the word Of) over the simple gerund phrase!

(6)In brief, there are three categories of nouns: (1) Concrete Nouns, (2) Action Nouns and
Complex Gerunds, and (3) Simple Gerunds. Do not mix these categories

然后 critique --动作名词 his visioning of --复杂动名词
critiquing ---简单动名词
(A) a critique of all chemistry since Robert Boyle as well as a vision of a

as well as其实也能引导平行吧，虽然是说从属关系，但它的意思还是表示“也”，我在这样想
a critique of ···和 a vision of a 名词对名词，多好呀

(B) a critique of all chemistry following Robert Boyle and also his envisioning of a
这里把critique归为动作名词，his envisioning of归为复杂名词，二者也可以平行，但是要记住
当一个复杂名词本可以用动作名词来表示的时候，就不需要用复杂名词

Also, if an appropriate action noun for a particular verb already exists in English, then avoid
creating a complex gerund phrase. Instead, use the pre-existing action noun.
Wrong: The rebels demanded the withdrawal of government forces from
disputed regions AND releasing certain political prisoners.
Wrong: The rebels demanded the withdrawal of government forces from
disputed regions AND THE releasing OFcertain political prisoners.
Right: The rebels demanded the withdrawal of government forces from
disputed regions AND THE RELEASE OF certain political prisoners.
Release is a pre-existing action noun (meaning the act of releasing, so use this noun.
Fortunately, the complex gerund phrase will generally sound worse than the pre-existing
action noun.
In brief, there are three categories of nouns: (1) Concrete Nouns, (2) Action Nouns and
Complex Gerunds, and (3) Simple Gerunds. Do not mix these categories.
This is a complicated issue. Perhaps that is why the GMAT likes to test it. Spend a little
time mastering this topic, and your effort will payoff.

(C) a critique of all chemistry after Robert Boyle and envisioning as well

只有复杂名词才可以和动作名词平行，错误

(D) critiquing all chemistry from Robert Boyle forward and also a vision of

只有复杂名词才可以和动作名词平行，错误
and also 用法也错误
(E) critiquing all the chemistry done since Robert Boyle as well as his own envisioning of
这里简单动名词和复杂动名词不能平行，错误

-- by 会员 Suri在奋斗 (2012/4/29 23:45:22)

小Q宝贝写的好详细呀~赞一个~~
当一个复杂名词本可以用动作名词来表示的时候，就不需要用复杂名词
Manhattan上的哈~这么一提记起来了~做的时候没想到这个知识点~~

-- by 会员 ainiAnnie (2012/4/29 23:49:43)

是复杂动名词，哈哈，我再去编辑下

og 12 sc 53 ，and 与as well as（已认真解决）

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