OG13-86题,In 2000, a mere two dozen products accounted for half the increase in spending on prescription drugs, a phenomenon that is explained not just because of more expensive drugs but bv the fact that doctors are writing many more prescriptions for higher-cost drugs. (A) a phenomenon that is explained not just because of more expensive drugs but by the fact that doctors are writing (B) a phenomenon that is explained not just by the fact that drugs are becoming more expensive but also by the fact that doctors are writing 正确答案是B。 phenomenon后面为什么不直接用过去分词呢,比如a phenomenon explained not just by…… B项似乎是个独立主格形式,但是看了Prep08笔记,独立主格好像没有这种n+that从句的结构。相反同位语反倒有这种结构,这样说又是同位语了。但是曼哈顿上说独立主格就是名词加名词修饰成分,这样看似乎又是独立主格。下面是曼哈顿上的A few GMAT sentences use a sophisticated modifier called an Absolute Phrase. Absolute phrases are composed of a noun plus a noun modifier. These phrases do not have to modify what they touch; rather, they modify the main clause in some way. 结合Prep08笔记上的讲解,我理解的是同位语是定语修饰名词,而独立主格是状语,修饰前面整个句子。不知是否正确。 以下摘自Prep08笔记: 同位结构的形式 (1) 名词性同位语:名词解释名词。(以下三种,第二个n.后可以跟修饰词) i. N., n.; ii. n., a/an + n.或a/an + n., n.; iii. the + n., n.(前面的the + n 为同位结构) (2) 内容具体化同位结构:抽象名词(theory/evidence/belief/principle)+that 从句,that 从句对抽象名词进行具体化解释(注意与of 结构的区别),that从句部分才是同位语。(that是小品词,连词,和一般的名词性that分句中的that一样) (3) 概括性同位语:用一个概括性的名词去概括前面的修饰对象:短语/句子,n. +that/doing/done... (4) 名词重复性同位结构:n,n(重复所修饰的名词)+that 定语从句 (5) 代词代替性同位结构:n,one/ones+that 定语从句 1. 独立主格,表示伴随,所以必须修饰主谓宾结构,而非主系表结构。 独立主格三种形式: 1)一般形式(独立部分与主句部分无太多关联)n.+n.,n.+V-ed/v-ing,n.+介词短语/形容词短语 2)with形式(与主句主语有紧密的逻辑关系):with+宾语+宾补,如:with+n.+v-ed/v-ing/to do/介词短语/形容词短语(注意可以用with + noun. + to do的形式,用不定式表示了一个将来的动作) 3)each形式(必须前面有复数名词): each+v-ed/v-ing,each+介词短语/形容词短语,each+n.+介词短语 |