【又见which！】which是否精确指代？一起进步，谢谢大家！

lxskyfly · 发表于 2013-6-19 18:21:41

本次问题参考以下Source：
1）sjmdlyc前辈强帖~which/that指代总结：http://forum.chasedream.com/thread-499613-1-1.html
2）Prep08语法笔记
3）OG11

问题如下：
1）which是否可以精确指代？
case 1, from OG11:

Bihar is India's poorest state, with an annual per capita income of $111, lower than in the most impoverished countries of the world.
A  lower than in
B  lower than that of
C  and lower than that of
D  which is lower than in
E  which is lower than it is in

OA: B
解释D/E的时候说（在CD上搜到的）：which不是指代an annual per capita income，明显不能make sense
这里我想问：which不指代an annual per capita income我能理解，那which是指代谁呢？是就近指代$111，还是精确指代an annual per capita income of $111呢？
如果是A of B结构，an annual per capita income of $111，B修饰A，那么which应该指代中心词A，那这道题的which是用对了吗？

case 2, from prep 07

More than 300 rivers drain into Siberia's Lake Baikal, which holds 20 percent of the world's fresh water, more than all the North American Great Lakes combined.
A  More than 300 rivers drain into Siberia's Lake Baikal, which holds 20 percent of the world's fresh water, more than all the North American Great Lakes combined.
B  With 20 percent of the world's fresh water, that is more than all the North American Great Lakes combined, Siberia's Lake Baikal has more than 300 rivers that drain into it.
C  Siberia's Lake Baikal, with more than 300 rivers draining into it, it holds more of the world's fresh water than all that of the North American Great Lakes combined, 20 percent.
D  While more than 300 rivers drain into it, Siberia's Lake Baikal holds 20 percent of the world's fresh water, which is more than all the North American Great Lakes combined.
E  More than all the North American Great Lakes combined, Siberia's Lake Baikal, with more than 300 rivers draining into it, holds 20 percent of the world's fresh water.

这里我想问：D中的which可以精确指代前面20 percent of the world's fresh water吗？还是只能就近指代fresh water？

2）A of B, which结构

从页首贴子来看，
A of B 是从属关系时，which就近修饰B
A of B 是B修饰中心词A时，which跳跃修饰A
这样理解对吗？

谢谢亲们~~问得有点细啦，不过我相信把自己bury进去了总有好处~大家一起加油儿！

zxppx · 发表于 2013-6-19 20:01:29

同学，第一题的答案是B，你弄错了吧
http://gmatclub.com/forum/bihar-is-indias-poorest-state-with-an-annual-per-capita-77065.html

lxskyfly · 发表于 2013-6-19 20:35:23

zxppx 发表于 2013-6-19 20:01
同学，第一题的答案是B，你弄错了吧
http://gmatclub.com/forum/bihar-is-indias-poorest-state-with-an-an ...

......= = OA is B。搞错了不好意思。。。。掩面~
gmatclub我也看了，他说which will allways follows what it refers to (here which does not refer to income of $111). 可是A of B的结构下，B修饰A，后面的which应该是修饰A的~那么which就指代annual per capita income了对吗？那这题which不是用对了吗？
又overthink了么....= =

zxppx · 发表于 2013-6-20 15:33:12

lxskyfly 发表于 2013-6-19 20:35
......= = OA is B。搞错了不好意思。。。。掩面~
gmatclub我也看了，他说which will allways follows wh ...

which一般情况下是就近指代它前面的名词，当遇到A of B的结构时，有的时候可以根据which后面的谓语单复数等形式来判断到底修饰的是什么。不一定就只是修饰B。
但是在这一道题中，用谓语单复数的办法是判断不出来的。你也不能肯定which就是修饰A的。所以lower than结构更好。并且D选项的问题和A选项一样，后面没有that ，导致比较对象错误。E选项which中的it也有问题，指代谁？

lxskyfly · 发表于 2013-6-20 15:42:15

zxppx 发表于 2013-6-20 15:33
which一般情况下是就近指代它前面的名词，当遇到A of B的结构时，有的时候可以根据which后面的谓语单复数 ...

了解了~谢谢你！！
现在觉得which是不能精确指代的，最简单地说，就好像A of B中which不能指代A of B 这个整体一样~

zxppx · 发表于 2013-6-20 15:44:52

我建议在你使用代词规则无法判断的时候，可以考虑其他选项，如果全部选项都有相似的which用法，那么可能这并不是考点。如果在不影响理解的情况下，分词或者形容词短语构成的修饰结构也存在，它们可能更加简洁有效

lxskyfly · 发表于 2013-6-20 15:47:17

zxppx 发表于 2013-6-20 15:44
我建议在你使用代词规则无法判断的时候，可以考虑其他选项，如果全部选项都有相似的which用法，那么可能这 ...

有道理~谢谢你！

【又见which！】which是否精确指代？一起进步，谢谢大家！

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