OG13 SC81中的指代问题

651340199 · 发表于 2013-8-15 14:49:31

81. Fossils of the arm of a sloth found in Puerto Rico in 1991, and dated at 34 million years old, made it the earliest known mammal of the Greater Antilles Islands.

A.a sloth found in Puerto Rico in 1991, and dated at 34 million years old, made it the earliest known mammal of

B,D,E.略去

C.sloth that was found in puerto Rico in 1991, have been dated at 34 million years old, making this the the earliest known mammal of

我想问下选项A与C里面我加亮加横线的两个代词，首先是A中的it，OG答案说，主语fossils是复数形式，所以it不能指代fossils, 而a sloth虽然是单数，但是因为它不是主语，所以it不可以指代a sloth。那是不是it只能是指代其前面一句话中的主语呢？

而在C选项中的that是引导一个定语从句，那在这句话中that是究竟指代fossils 还是sloth，that是不是也跟上述的it一样，只能指代主语？还是that引导定语从句只是修饰离他最近的那一个名词，也就是本句之中的sloth呢？

求大神指导，表示指代真的很混乱～～～

超级感谢！！！

alvlen · 发表于 2013-8-15 15:22:20

不给出完整题目很难给你分析啊。。有时候感觉OG各题给出的解释会有自相矛盾的地方，还是得看这一题里面有没有更好的选项

alvlen · 发表于 2013-8-15 15:24:24

这个It不能指代sloth我认为是因为sloth在of后面，作为arm的修饰语，而不是句子的主语或者宾语，所以不能被修饰

qiongle · 发表于 2013-8-15 15:26:27

it不能知道a sloth是因为逻辑不通，sloth不能made他自己theearliest known mammal啊，另外C中的that是修饰sloth的，看that后面的was啊，fossils是复数不可能用was的

alvlen · 发表于 2013-8-15 15:36:39

alvlen 发表于 2013-8-15 15:24
这个It不能指代sloth我认为是因为sloth在of后面，作为arm的修饰语，而不是句子的主语或者宾语，所以不能被 ...

这里说的不一定正确，但是再退一步，即使of后面的名词可以被it指代，那么这题里面it可以指代arm和sloth，ambiguous了

651340199 · 发表于 2013-8-15 15:44:24

qiongle 发表于 2013-8-15 15:26
it不能知道a sloth是因为逻辑不通，sloth不能made他自己theearliest known mammal啊，另外C中的that是修饰s ...

非常感谢，那是不是如果that后面是were的话，那么这个定语从句就是修饰fossils了？我的意思是想要问，是否that引导的定语从句其实不一定是修饰离他最近的那一个名词？

qiuzhongbo · 发表于 2013-8-15 15:53:15

651340199 发表于 2013-8-15 15:44
非常感谢，那是不是如果that后面是were的话，那么这个定语从句就是修饰fossils了？我的意思是想要问，是 ...

A of B that…像这种情况应该是根据句义来判断到底修饰A还是B

651340199 · 发表于 2013-8-15 22:26:07

qiuzhongbo 发表于 2013-8-15 15:53
A of B that…像这种情况应该是根据句义来判断到底修饰A还是B

明白了～非常感谢

SherlockedJohn · 发表于 2013-11-15 15:20:30

alvlen 发表于 2013-8-15 15:22
不给出完整题目很难给你分析啊。。有时候感觉OG各题给出的解释会有自相矛盾的地方，还是得看这一题里面有没 ...

额回错了...飘过.........

SherlockedJohn · 发表于 2013-11-15 15:22:02

建议多按OG12的题号搜题，以前论坛里回答题目的人很多热情很高涨，有用的答案很多。如下：

1. it结构上可指代arm也可以指代sloth，但逻辑上应该指代sloth，所以导致歧义。（具体见下）
●pronoun ambiguity：
1. Understand the meaning of the sentence and determine the logical antecedent
Per the sentence:
Certain fossils were found in Puerto Rico in 1991 and are 34M years old.
The presence of these fossils indicates that sloth is the earliest known mammal of GA islands.
Thus, it will only make sense if “it” refers to “sloth”.
2. Determine if there are any other antecedents that can be referred to by this pronoun
Since pronoun “it” is singular, here are the possible antecedents – the singular nouns
• Arm
• Sloth
Notice here that both nouns play similar roles in the sentence – they describe the fossils. Thus, structurally they are at the same level in the sentence. Thus, even though it does not make logical sense for “it” to refer to “arm” since arm cannot be the mammal, structurally it still creates an ambiguity.
3. Select the Correct Answer Choice
Since the pronoun analysis shows an apparent pronoun ambiguity, we will eliminate the answer choice based on other more objective errors:
……
Choice D – Correct – The pronoun ambiguity error has been corrected by replacing the pronoun with the antecedent to eliminate the pronoun usage altogether.
我很支持这里的观点，说不要轻易用咱认为的pronoun ambiguity来作为唯一理由排除选项，因为GMAT里面pronoun ambiguity的标准没那么stringent。这题A选项的逻辑问题很严重。——babybear
------
2. A选项，made的主语是fossils，fossils made it the earliest known mammal逻辑语义不对。
D选项，making伴随表结果，体现了正确的逻辑关系：是“dated at ....”造成了“made sloth the earliest known mammal ...”。

[SC悬赏令] OG13 SC81中的指代问题

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