[求教]表目的到底是用to do还是for doing？

王叉叉 · 发表于 2013-11-12 20:04:13

各位大神们：

GWD中的两道题奉上：

1. New geneticevidence-together with recent studies of elephants' skeletons, tusks, and otheranatomical features-provide compelling support for classifying Africa'sforest elephants and its savanna elephants as separate species.

· Aprovide compelling support for classifying

· Bprovide compelling support for the classification of

· Cprovides compelling support to the classification of

· Dprovides compelling support for classifying

· Eprovides compelling support to classify

答案是D

2. Most states impose limitations on the authority of the legislature to borrow money, with their objectives being to protect taxpayers and the credit of the state government.

Ato borrow money, with their objectives being to protect
Bto borrow money, the objectives of which are the protecting of
Cto borrow money, limitations intended to protect
Dfor borrowing money, of which the objective is protecting
Efor borrowing money, limitations with the intent of protecting

答案是C

一种说法是to do修饰的是动词，所以逻辑主语是被修饰动作的发出者，for doing修饰的是名词，逻辑主语是被修饰的名词。但这种说法在第二题说不通啊，borrow money的是legislature啊，那不是应该用for doing嘛？那到底表目的的时候用to do还是for doing？

谢谢各位！

448258130 · 发表于 2013-11-12 20:38:35

第一题
to do表动作的目的,逻辑主语是该动作的主语,evidence不能classify,所以不能用to do.
第二题相信你也懂了

王叉叉 · 发表于 2013-11-12 21:19:12

448258130 发表于 2013-11-12 20:38
第一题
to do表动作的目的,逻辑主语是该动作的主语,evidence不能classify,所以不能用to do.
第二题相信你也 ...

谢谢！
再追加一个问题，第二题to borrow money的逻辑主语是states还是legislature？谢谢！

448258130 · 发表于 2013-11-12 21:28:38

states〜〜〜〜〜〜〜〜〜〜

头疼gpa · 发表于 2013-11-13 22:30:33

第二题应该是authority of sb to do sth吧， borrow的主语应该还是legislature。这句话应该是说政府限制legislature的借钱权利吧

Branyy · 发表于 2016-4-9 08:34:11

第一道题还有一个点就是provide…for 才是习惯用法，第二题就是TO表目的

Violet1993 · 发表于 2016-8-16 11:07:41

在另一个帖子里看到的，觉得十分受用...

What's the difference between "to do" and "for doing" in a sentence expressing a purpose?

I want to add a bit.

Cherry gave two examples:

"She has to go home to do the housework".
"She has to go home for doing the housework".

These really do not have the same meaning. An English speaker would use the first construction only for this sentence. You will not hear an English speaker say the second. Here is why...

The first will be understood to mean "She has to go home IN ORDER TO DO the housework;" or, "She has to go home BECAUSE SHE NEEDS TO DO the housework." And this is, in fact, what we mean.

The second will be understood to mean "She has to go home AS A CONSEQUENCE FOR DOING the housework;" or, "She DID THE HOUSEWORK, AND SO she had to go home." And this doesn't make sense.

Look at it in another set of examples. Any verb may be substituted for "do":

"to X" (to sleep, to love, to give, etc.)
"for X-ing" (for sleeping, for loving, for giving, etc.)

1. He was sent home early from school TO SLEEP.
2. He was sent home early from school FOR SLEEPING.

The first means the teacher sent the student home IN ORDER TO sleep. He looked tired, and the teachers were merciful. They suggested that he go home FOR THE PURPOSE OF sleep.

In the second, the teacher sent the student home BECAUSE HE SLEPT in class. Going home was a CONSEQUENCE for sleeping when he should have stayed awake.

The only time these are interchangeable is when one of the following is true:

1. The meaning of "in order to" and "as a consequence for" will mean the same thing:

Ex. A: "He was paid $1000 TO BUILD the wall."
Ex. B: "He was paid $1000 FOR BUILDING the wall."

And, even here, be careful. The first (as Cherry pointed out) means he was paid BEFORE the work was done. The second means he was paid AFTER the work was done.

2. The meaning is about the INTENDED PURPOSE or SUGGESTED PURPOSE of an item (or person):

Ex. A: "A hammer can be used TO REMOVE nails."
Ex. B: "A hammer can be used FOR REMOVING nails."

Here, the meanings are quite the same.

Crystal_Chai · 发表于 2016-8-16 11:11:59

definitely TO DO

Phantominee · 发表于 2019-11-8 11:48:36

Violet1993 发表于 2016-8-16 11:07
在另一个帖子里看到的，觉得十分受用...

What's the difference between "to do" and "for doing" in a se ...

Mark一下！

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