大全 18-05

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5.     Despite no proof that the consumption of any particular foods reverse hardening of the arteries, studies indicate that refraining from eating certain foods could help reverse blockage of coronary arteries, the blood vessels that feed the heart.

(A) Despite no proof that the consumption of any particular foods reverse hardening of the arteries, studies indicate that refraining from eating certain foods could

(B) Despite no foods having been proved to reverse hardening of the arteries when consumed, studies indicate that refraining from eating certain foods can

(C) Although the consumption of no particular foods have been proved to reverse hardening of the arteries, studies indicate that to refrain from eating certain foods could

(D) Although not proved that the consumption of any foods reverse hardening of the arteries, studies indicate that refraining from eating certain foods can（E）

(E) Although it has not been proved that the consumption of any particular food will reverse hardening of the arteries, studies indicate that refraining from eating certain foods can

答案是E, 如果除去这其中的主胃搭配不一至等问题,despite 和although 是如何进行区分的, 它们的逻辑主语是否要求和主句的主语一致呢?就象E中的it可以指代后面的that the consumption of any particular food ....从句吗? 那不是和主句的studies 不一至了吗?

我的语法理论已比较生疏，试尽力解释一下吧

despite 是介词，后边跟简单的短语；although跟句子。despite后跟分词短语时，存在逻辑主语的问题；而although后是完整的句子，不存在和主句主语一致的问题。本题it是指代that从句。